Holistic Approach in Strengthening of Primary Health Care Service

L. Panapitiya, S. Ranasinghe, P. Jayakody, S. Amadoru, M. I. Siraj, U. Gunathilaka
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Abstract

Sri Lanka is currently facing a demographic and epidemiological transition, which includes the rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCD), immerging, and re-emerging of communicable diseases. Further, Population ageing in Sri Lanka is accelerating at a faster rate than in other South Asian countries. Primary Health Care, often abbreviated as ‘PHC’, has been defined by World Health Organization as “an approach that in whole society that aims at ensuring the highest possible level of health and well-being and their equitable distribution by focusing on people’s needs and as early as possible along the continuum from health promotion and disease prevention to treatment, rehabilitation and palliative care, and as close as feasible to people’s everyday environment". Currently, there is a dichotomy in PHC as preventive and curative aspects.Reversing the service utilization pattern would likely yield substantial efficiency gains that maximize the benefit of existing resources as well as maximal utilization of higher-level institution for needy critical patients, while changing PHC as popular first contact points closure to their homes providing comprehensive care package. The Key Result Areas are Strengthening Primary Health Care Service with reforms, Empowering individuals, families and communities, and Facilitating broader determinants of health. The Strategic Objectives are to meet people's health needs throughout their lives; promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitation and palliative care ensuring availability, coverage, affordability and equitable access to quality health services with appropriate technology and facilities through a team of well-trained staff in adequate number. (Equitable distribution of health care with appropriate technology and developed Health workforce), To empower individuals, families and communities to take charge of their own health through community awareness and participation (Community participation and community engagement), and to address the broader determinants of health through Multisectoral policy and action ensuring the quality of available basic needs of citizens (Multi-sectoral approach). A strategic framework was designed based on above objectives.
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加强初级保健服务的综合方法
斯里兰卡目前正面临着人口和流行病学的转型,其中包括非传染性疾病(NCD)负担的上升、传染病的肆虐和再次出现。此外,与其他南亚国家相比,斯里兰卡的人口老龄化速度更快。初级卫生保健通常简称为 "PHC",世界卫生组织将其定义为 "一种全社会的方法,旨在确保尽可能高水平的健康和福祉及其公平分配,方法是关注人们的需求,尽早提供从促进健康和预防疾病到治疗、康复和姑息治疗的一系列服务,并尽可能贴近人们的日常生活环境"。目前,初级保健服务在预防和治疗方面存在着二分法。扭转这种服务利用模式可能会大幅提高效率,最大限度地发挥现有资源的效益,并最大限度地利用更高级别的机构为有需要的危重病人提供服务,同时将初级保健服务转变为居家附近的大众第一接触点,提供全面的一揽子护理服务。关键成果领域是通过改革加强初级保健服务,增强个人、家庭和社区的能力,以及促进更广泛的健康决定因素。战略目标是满足人们一生的健康需求;促进、预防、治疗、康复和姑息治疗,确保通过一支人数充足、训练有素的工作人员队伍,以适当的技术和设施,提供可获得性、覆盖面、可负担性和公平获得优质保健服务的机会。(通过社区认识和参与(社区参与和社区介入),增强个人、家庭和社区对自身健康负责的能力,并通过多部门政策和行动解决更广泛的健康决定因素,确保公民现有基本需求的质量(多部门方法)。根据上述目标设计了一个战略框架。
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