Zhaoyang Wu , Zhiwei Cao , Xinyi Huang , Yonglong Lu , Pei Wang , Zian Liang , Xupeng An
{"title":"Anthropogenic sources and air mass transport affect spatial and seasonal variations of ambient halocarbons in southeastern China","authors":"Zhaoyang Wu , Zhiwei Cao , Xinyi Huang , Yonglong Lu , Pei Wang , Zian Liang , Xupeng An","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2024.04.040","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Halocarbons play a vital role in ozone depletion and global warming, and are regulated by the Montreal Protocol (MP) and its amendments. China has been identified as an important contributor to the halocarbon emissions, but the regional sources of halocarbons in China are not yet well comprehended. To investigate the characteristics, emissions, and source profiles, this study conducted a field campaign in Xiamen, a coastal city in southeastern China. Higher enhancements were found in the unregulated halocarbons (CH<sub>3</sub>Cl, CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>, CHCl<sub>3</sub>) than in the MP eliminated species (CCl<sub>4</sub>, CH<sub>3</sub>Br) and the MP controlled species (HCFCs, HFCs). Many of the measured halocarbons varied seasonally and regionally, depending on the anthropogenic sources and atmospheric transport. Backward trajectory analysis showed that the air masses from inland were polluted over Shandong, Hebei, and northern Fujian in the cold season, while the air masses from the sea in the warm season were clean. Different air masses in two seasons were associated with the halocarbon patterns in the study area. Industrial activities, especially solvent usage, were the primary sources of halocarbons. The emission hot spots in Fujian Province were concentrated in Sanming, Fuzhou, and Xiamen, and the unregulated halocarbons made the largest contribution. This study provides an insight for a deep understanding of the characteristics and potential sources of halocarbons, and for strengthened management of halocarbons in China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001074224002262","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Halocarbons play a vital role in ozone depletion and global warming, and are regulated by the Montreal Protocol (MP) and its amendments. China has been identified as an important contributor to the halocarbon emissions, but the regional sources of halocarbons in China are not yet well comprehended. To investigate the characteristics, emissions, and source profiles, this study conducted a field campaign in Xiamen, a coastal city in southeastern China. Higher enhancements were found in the unregulated halocarbons (CH3Cl, CH2Cl2, CHCl3) than in the MP eliminated species (CCl4, CH3Br) and the MP controlled species (HCFCs, HFCs). Many of the measured halocarbons varied seasonally and regionally, depending on the anthropogenic sources and atmospheric transport. Backward trajectory analysis showed that the air masses from inland were polluted over Shandong, Hebei, and northern Fujian in the cold season, while the air masses from the sea in the warm season were clean. Different air masses in two seasons were associated with the halocarbon patterns in the study area. Industrial activities, especially solvent usage, were the primary sources of halocarbons. The emission hot spots in Fujian Province were concentrated in Sanming, Fuzhou, and Xiamen, and the unregulated halocarbons made the largest contribution. This study provides an insight for a deep understanding of the characteristics and potential sources of halocarbons, and for strengthened management of halocarbons in China.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Environmental Sciences is an international journal started in 1989. The journal is devoted to publish original, peer-reviewed research papers on main aspects of environmental sciences, such as environmental chemistry, environmental biology, ecology, geosciences and environmental physics. Appropriate subjects include basic and applied research on atmospheric, terrestrial and aquatic environments, pollution control and abatement technology, conservation of natural resources, environmental health and toxicology. Announcements of international environmental science meetings and other recent information are also included.