Development of a VLF receiver based on Red Pitaya for space weather studies

IF 1.8 4区地球科学 Q3 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106239

A. Arriola, L. Otiniano, J. Vega, J. Samanes

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Abstract

A new VLF (Very low Frequency) receiver has been developed by the Peruvian Space Agency (CONIDA) for space weather studies. The receiver has been designed based on a Red Pitaya board which performs an SDR (Software Defined Radio) to digitize, process and store the signal. The receiver is composed of a vertical antenna, a preamplifier to filter and amplify the incoming VLF signals from several transmitters located around the world. The receiver is able to cover a bandwidth from 1 up to 50 kHz and it has been developed in such a way as to be cost-effective, autonomous and solar-powered, making it suitable for installation in multiple locations with different geographic conditions. We show the performance of the receiver, the typical daily pattern of the lower ionosphere for the NAA VLF signal, as observed in Peru, and the first solar flares observed. The VLF amplitude curves recorded are validated by comparing them with data from SAVNET (The South American VLF Network) receiver installed in Peru. In a first effort to investigate the impact of solar flares on the lower ionosphere, we conducted a statistical analysis between VLF amplitude perturbations and 1–8 Å solar X-rays flux provided by GOES satellites, resulting in a linear relationship.

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开发基于红木的甚低频接收器，用于空间气象研究

秘鲁航天局（CONIDA）开发了一种新的甚低频（VLF）接收器，用于空间气象研究。该接收器的设计以 Red Pitaya 电路板为基础，该电路板执行 SDR（软件定义无线电），对信号进行数字化、处理和存储。接收器由一个垂直天线和一个前置放大器组成，前置放大器用于过滤和放大来自世界各地多个发射机的甚低频信号。接收器的带宽从 1 千赫到 50 千赫不等，它的开发具有成本效益、自主性和太阳能供电等特点，适合安装在地理条件不同的多个地点。我们展示了接收器的性能、在秘鲁观测到的 NAA VLF 信号在低电离层的典型日模式以及观测到的首次太阳耀斑。我们将记录的甚低频振幅曲线与安装在秘鲁的 SAVNET（南美甚低频网络）接收器的数据进行了比较，从而对其进行了验证。为了首次研究太阳耀斑对低层电离层的影响，我们对甚低频振幅扰动和 GOES 卫星提供的 1-8 Å 太阳 X 射线通量进行了统计分析，结果显示两者之间存在线性关系。

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来源期刊

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

5.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics (JASTP) is an international journal concerned with the inter-disciplinary science of the Earth''s atmospheric and space environment, especially the highly varied and highly variable physical phenomena that occur in this natural laboratory and the processes that couple them. The journal covers the physical processes operating in the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, magnetosphere, the Sun, interplanetary medium, and heliosphere. Phenomena occurring in other "spheres", solar influences on climate, and supporting laboratory measurements are also considered. The journal deals especially with the coupling between the different regions. Solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and other energetic events on the Sun create interesting and important perturbations in the near-Earth space environment. The physics of such "space weather" is central to the Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics and the journal welcomes papers that lead in the direction of a predictive understanding of the coupled system. Regarding the upper atmosphere, the subjects of aeronomy, geomagnetism and geoelectricity, auroral phenomena, radio wave propagation, and plasma instabilities, are examples within the broad field of solar-terrestrial physics which emphasise the energy exchange between the solar wind, the magnetospheric and ionospheric plasmas, and the neutral gas. In the lower atmosphere, topics covered range from mesoscale to global scale dynamics, to atmospheric electricity, lightning and its effects, and to anthropogenic changes.