Factor XIII in major burns coagulation

Abstract

Background

In the days following a burn injury, major burn patients (MBP) present a multifactorial coagulation disorder known as acute burn-induced coagulopathy. Several studies have investigated coagulation in MBPs; however, Factor XIII (FXIII), which converts fibrin monomers into a stable clot and promotes wound healing, has not yet been studied.

Objective

To determine the kinetics of FXIII and other coagulation factors and cofactors in MBPs in order to clarify coagulopathy in these patients and its potential relationship with surgical bleeding.

Methods

Prospective observational pilot study of the kinetics of FXIII and other coagulation factors and cofactors in MBPs during the first 30 days of burn injury.

Results

FXIII levels show a significant decline of 75.10% in the interval between the burn injury and surgery, and a decline of 87.70% in the 24 h following surgery. Patients undergo surgery with a median antigenic FXIII of 32%. Plasma levels of most factors decrease significantly 24 h after the burn injury.

Conclusion

MBPs experience a significant decrease in plasma levels of FXIII from the time of admission up to 24 h after surgery. Abnormally low levels were observed at the time of surgery that could not be detected by other coagulation tests. The decrease in most factors at 24 h seems to be associated with dilution due to intensive fluid resuscitation.