Insight into NSCLC through novel analysis of gene interactions and characteristics.

IF 1.4 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY American journal of clinical and experimental immunology Pub Date : 2024-04-25 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.62347/ANLV4963
Eric Pan, Yongsheng Bai
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Abstract

Around 80 to 85% of all lung cancers are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Previous research has aimed at exploring the genetic basis of NSCLC through individual approaches, but studies have yet to investigate the results of combining them. Here we show that analyzing NSCLC genetics through three approaches simultaneously creates unique insights into our understanding of the disease. Through a combination of previous research and bioinformatics tools, we determined 35 NSCLC candidate genes. We analyzed these genes in 3 different approaches. First, we found the gene fusions between these candidate genes. Second, we found the common superfamilies between genes. Finally, we identified mutational signatures that are possibly associated with NSCLC. Each approach has its individual, unique results. Fusion relationships identify specific gene fusion targets, common superfamilies identify possible avenues to determine novel target genes, and identifying NSCLC associated mutational signatures has diagnostic and prognostic benefits. Combining the approaches, we found that gene CD74 has significant fusion relationships, but it has no association with the other two approaches, suggesting that CD74 is associated with NSCLC mainly because of its fusion relationships. Targeting the gene fusions of CD74 may be an alternative NSCLC treatment. This genetic analysis has indeed created unique insight into NSCLC genes. Both the results from each of the approaches separately and combined allow pursuit of more effective treatment strategies for this cancer. The methodology presented can also apply to other cancers, creating insights that current analytical methods could not find.

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通过对基因相互作用和特征的新分析,深入了解 NSCLC。
大约 80% 至 85% 的肺癌属于非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)。以往的研究旨在通过单独的方法探索非小细胞肺癌的遗传基础,但尚未研究将这些方法结合起来的结果。在这里,我们展示了通过三种方法同时分析 NSCLC 遗传学能为我们了解这种疾病提供独特的见解。通过结合以往的研究和生物信息学工具,我们确定了 35 个 NSCLC 候选基因。我们用三种不同的方法对这些基因进行了分析。首先,我们发现了这些候选基因之间的基因融合。其次,我们发现了基因之间的共同超家族。最后,我们确定了可能与 NSCLC 相关的突变特征。每种方法都有其各自独特的结果。融合关系确定了特定的基因融合靶点,共同超家族确定了确定新靶基因的可能途径,而确定与 NSCLC 相关的突变特征则具有诊断和预后方面的益处。综合上述方法,我们发现 CD74 基因有显著的融合关系,但与其他两种方法没有关联,这表明 CD74 与 NSCLC 相关主要是因为其融合关系。针对 CD74 的基因融合可能是治疗 NSCLC 的另一种方法。这项基因分析确实对 NSCLC 基因有了独特的见解。无论是将每种方法的结果分开还是结合起来,都可以为这种癌症寻求更有效的治疗策略。所介绍的方法也可应用于其他癌症,从而提出目前的分析方法无法发现的见解。
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