Neurocognitive training enhances the outcomes of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A preliminary study

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Child Care Health and Development Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI:10.1111/cch.13268

Nurullah Buker, Ezgi Karagoz, Yesim Salik Sengul, Sevay Alsen Guney, Aylin Ozbek

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Abstract

Background

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by diverse clinical manifestations including inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity.

Objective

The present study aims to investigate the effects of neurocognitive training (NT), a personalized and specialized exercise programme on symptoms, attention and dynamic balance in treatment-naïve children diagnosed with ADHD.

Methods

Fourteen treatment-naïve children aged 7–12 years diagnosed with ADHD were enrolled in the intervention group. The NT intervention was administered weekly for 10 consecutive weeks, supplemented by a structured home exercise programme for 6 days a week over the same 10-week period. ADHD-related symptoms, attention and dynamic balance were assessed in pre-treatment, post-treatment, 6 months, and 12 months. Fifteen typically developing (TD) children, matched for age, underwent evaluation only once to establish baseline normative values.

Results

Following the NT (post-treatment), significant improvements were observed in hyperactivity-impulsivity scores, oppositional-defiant behaviours and dynamic balance when compared to the TD children (p < 0.05). In the ADHD group, a significant difference was found in the long term (12-month follow-up) in hyperactivity–impulsivity, oppositional-defiant behaviours and dynamic balance (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The findings suggest that the NT yields favourable effects on hyperactivity–impulsivity, oppositional defiant behaviours and dynamic balance in children diagnosed with ADHD, with these improvements appearing to be sustained over the long term.

Clinical trial registration number: NCT04707040.

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神经认知训练可提高注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童的治疗效果：初步研究。

背景：注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种普遍存在的神经发育障碍，其临床表现多种多样，包括注意力不集中、多动和冲动：本研究旨在探讨神经认知训练（NT）这一个性化的专门运动项目对未经治疗的多动症儿童的症状、注意力和动态平衡的影响：14名未经治疗的7-12岁多动症儿童被纳入干预组。在连续10周的时间内，每周进行一次NT干预，同时在这10周内每周进行6天有计划的家庭锻炼。分别在治疗前、治疗后、6 个月和 12 个月对多动症相关症状、注意力和动态平衡进行评估。15名发育正常（TD）的儿童只接受了一次评估，以确定基线标准值：结果：与 TD 儿童相比，接受 NT（治疗后）后，多动-冲动评分、对立-反叛行为和动态平衡均有明显改善（p 结论：NT 对 TD 儿童有明显改善：研究结果表明，NT 对被诊断为多动症的儿童的多动-冲动、对立违抗行为和动态平衡产生了有利影响，而且这些改善似乎可以长期保持：临床试验注册号：NCT04707040。

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来源期刊

Child Care Health and Development 医学-小儿科

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

5.30%

发文量

136

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Child: care, health and development is an international, peer-reviewed journal which publishes papers dealing with all aspects of the health and development of children and young people. We aim to attract quantitative and qualitative research papers relevant to people from all disciplines working in child health. We welcome studies which examine the effects of social and environmental factors on health and development as well as those dealing with clinical issues, the organization of services and health policy. We particularly encourage the submission of studies related to those who are disadvantaged by physical, developmental, emotional and social problems. The journal also aims to collate important research findings and to provide a forum for discussion of global child health issues.