Community-Academic Partnership to Assess the Role of Physical Disinvestment on Firearm Violence in Toledo, OH.

IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Journal of Urban Health-Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-21 DOI:10.1007/s11524-024-00870-y
Emma L Gause, Suzanne G McLone, Malcolm Cunningham, Jonathan Jay
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Abstract

Reversing physical disinvestment, e.g., by remediating abandoned buildings and vacant lots, is an evidence-based strategy to reduce urban firearm violence. However, adoption of this strategy has been inconsistent across US cities. Our community-academic partnership sought to support adoption in Toledo, OH, USA, by generating locally relevant analyses on physical disinvestment and firearm violence. We used a spatial case-control design with matching. Physical disinvestment measures were derived from a citywide parcel foot audit conducted by the Lucas County Land Bank in summer 2021. Firearm violence outcomes were incident-level shootings data from the Toledo Police Department from October 2021 through February 2023. Shooting locations were matched to controls 1:4 on poverty rate, roadway characteristics, and zoning type. Exposures were calculated by aggregating parcels within 5-min walking buffers of each case and control point. We tested multiple disinvestment measures, including a composite index. Models were logistic regressions that adjusted for the matching variables and for potential spatial autocorrelation. Our sample included N = 281 shooting locations and N = 1124 matched controls. A 1-unit increase in the disinvestment score, equal to approximately 1 additional disrepair condition for the average parcel within the walking buffer, was associated with 1.68 times (95% CI: 1.36, 2.07) higher odds of shooting incidence. Across all other measures, greater disinvestment was associated with higher odds of shooting incidence. Our finding of a strong association between physical disinvestment and firearm violence in Toledo can inform local action. Community-academic partnership could help increase adoption of violence prevention strategies focused on reversing physical disinvestment.

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社区与学术界合作评估俄亥俄州托莱多市物质投资减少对枪支暴力的影响。
扭转物质投资不足的局面,例如对废弃建筑和空地进行整治,是减少城市枪支暴力的一项有据可依的策略。然而,美国各城市采用这一策略的情况并不一致。我们的社区-学术合作伙伴关系旨在通过对物质投资减少和枪支暴力进行本地相关分析,支持美国俄亥俄州托莱多市采用该策略。我们采用了匹配的空间病例对照设计。物质投资失衡的衡量标准来自卢卡斯县土地银行于 2021 年夏季进行的全市地块面积审计。枪支暴力事件的结果来自托莱多警察局 2021 年 10 月至 2023 年 2 月期间的枪击事件数据。根据贫困率、道路特征和分区类型,枪击案发生地与对照组的匹配比例为 1:4。通过汇总每个案例点和对照点 5 分钟步行缓冲区内的地块,计算出暴露程度。我们测试了包括综合指数在内的多种投资失衡指标。模型为逻辑回归,对匹配变量和潜在的空间自相关性进行了调整。我们的样本包括 N = 281 个枪击地点和 N = 1124 个匹配对照。投资失衡得分每增加 1 个单位(相当于步行缓冲区内的平均地块增加约 1 个失修条件),枪击事件的发生几率就会增加 1.68 倍(95% CI:1.36, 2.07)。在所有其他衡量标准中,投资减少程度越高,枪击事件发生率越高。我们在托莱多发现的物质投资减少与枪支暴力之间的密切联系可以为当地的行动提供参考。社区与学术界的合作有助于更多地采用以扭转物质投资减少为重点的暴力预防策略。
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来源期刊
Journal of Urban Health-Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
Journal of Urban Health-Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
9.10
自引率
3.00%
发文量
105
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Urban Health is the premier and authoritative source of rigorous analyses to advance the health and well-being of people in cities. The Journal provides a platform for interdisciplinary exploration of the evidence base for the broader determinants of health and health inequities needed to strengthen policies, programs, and governance for urban health. The Journal publishes original data, case studies, commentaries, book reviews, executive summaries of selected reports, and proceedings from important global meetings. It welcomes submissions presenting new analytic methods, including systems science approaches to urban problem solving. Finally, the Journal provides a forum linking scholars, practitioners, civil society, and policy makers from the multiple sectors that can influence the health of urban populations.
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