Implementation Science of Integrating Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Pharmacist-Led Services in the United States.

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-22 DOI:10.1007/s11904-024-00700-5

Christina Chandra, Alexis F Hudson, Daniel I Alohan, Henry N Young, Natalie D Crawford

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Abstract

Background: Racial inequities in HIV in the United States (US) are pervasive. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is one of the most effective yet underutilized HIV prevention strategies, and stark inequities in PrEP uptake exist. Lack of access to PrEP clinics is a major barrier to access that could be overcome by integrating pharmacists into the provision of PrEP services including prescribing and dispensing.

Methods: A number of reviews have shown promise in folding pharmacies into the expansion of PrEP services, but this review extends those by examining the implementation science evidence of pharmacist-led PrEP services in the US. We reviewed literature over the past five years of the implementation science of pharmacist PrEP services (2018-2023) and present seminal findings in this area.

Results: Only two studies are anchored within an implementation science framework despite all studies assessing common implementation science constructs. Overwhelming evidence supports feasibility and adoption of PrEP services in pharmacies yet gaps in workflow integration, scalability and sustainability exist.

Conclusion: Continuing to build the implementation science evidence of pharmacy-based PrEP services is critical to standardize our measures across varying contexts and inform policy efforts that support pharmacy-based PrEP services.

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美国将暴露前预防纳入药剂师主导服务的实施科学。

背景：在美国，艾滋病毒的种族不平等现象十分普遍。暴露前预防（PrEP）是最有效的艾滋病预防策略之一，但却未得到充分利用，而在 PrEP 的使用方面却存在着明显的不平等。无法到 PrEP 诊所就诊是阻碍人们接受 PrEP 的一个主要障碍，而将药剂师纳入 PrEP 服务（包括处方和配药）的提供范围，则可以克服这一障碍：许多综述都显示了将药房纳入 PrEP 服务的前景，但本综述通过研究美国药剂师主导的 PrEP 服务的实施科学证据，对这些综述进行了扩展。我们回顾了过去五年（2018-2023 年）药剂师 PrEP 服务实施科学方面的文献，并介绍了该领域的开创性发现：尽管所有研究都评估了共同的实施科学构建，但只有两项研究立足于实施科学框架。大量证据支持药房提供 PrEP 服务的可行性和采用率，但在工作流程整合、可扩展性和可持续性方面仍存在差距：结论：继续建立药房 PrEP 服务的实施科学证据对于在不同情况下统一我们的衡量标准以及为支持药房 PrEP 服务的政策工作提供信息至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current HIV/AIDS Reports INFECTIOUS DISEASES-

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

2.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal intends to provide clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts that review the most important, recently published clinical findings related to the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prevention of HIV/AIDS. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as antiretroviral therapies, behavioral aspects of management, and metabolic complications and comorbidity. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.