Leandro Silva Andrade , Rayanne Soalheiro de Souza , Andreina Carvalho de Araujo , Soraia de Oliveira Silva , Maria Norma Melo , Fabricio Gomes Melo , Gustavo Henrique Siqueira Ribeiro , Felipe Gaia de Sousa , Camila Valgas Bastos , Tiago Facury Moreira , Rodrigo Melo Meneses , Antônio Ultimo Carvalho , Elias Jorge Facury-Filho , Júlia Angélica Gonçalves Silveira
{"title":"Hemopathogens in naturally infected bovine fetuses in Brazil","authors":"Leandro Silva Andrade , Rayanne Soalheiro de Souza , Andreina Carvalho de Araujo , Soraia de Oliveira Silva , Maria Norma Melo , Fabricio Gomes Melo , Gustavo Henrique Siqueira Ribeiro , Felipe Gaia de Sousa , Camila Valgas Bastos , Tiago Facury Moreira , Rodrigo Melo Meneses , Antônio Ultimo Carvalho , Elias Jorge Facury-Filho , Júlia Angélica Gonçalves Silveira","doi":"10.1016/j.ttbdis.2024.102351","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The transplacental transmission of parasites and hemoparasites is crucial for understanding the epidemiology of diseases. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hemopathogens in bovine fetuses at various gestational periods. Samples were obtained from a slaughterhouse in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and a total of 236 fetuses were collected. DNA extracted from blood samples (145) and organ samples (a pool of brain and spleen) (236) underwent a nested PCR (nPCR) assay to detect <em>Babesia</em> spp<em>., Theileria</em> spp<em>., Trypanosoma vivax, Anaplasma marginale, Anaplasma bovis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia minasensis</em>, and hemotropic <em>Mycoplasma</em> spp. Additionally, serological analysis of 145 plasma samples was conducted using the indirect fluorescent antibody test-IFAT to detect IgG against <em>Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, A. marginale</em>, and <em>Trypanosoma vivax.</em> The observed prevalence of transplacental transmission was 19.3 %, 6.2 %, 42.7 % and 2.7 %, for <em>A. marginale, B. bigemina</em>, '<em>Candidatus</em> M. haemobos', and <em>Mycoplasma wenyonii,</em> respectively. The prevalence of <em>A. marginale</em> by gestational trimester was 16 % (13/81) in the second trimester and 23 % (14/60) in the third trimester, with no positive samples in the first trimester. Regarding the species <em>B. bovis</em> and <em>B. bigemina</em>, all evaluated animals tested negative by nPCR, and no serological evidence for <em>B. bovis</em> was found by the IFAT. <em>Babesia bigemina</em> demonstrated an overall seroprevalence of 6.2 % (9/145), with 4.8 % (7/145) in the last trimester and 1.3 % (2/145) in the second trimester of pregnancy. In total, 42.7 % (62/145) of blood samples were positive for '<em>Candidatus</em> M. haemobos’, with 42 % (34/81) in the middle trimester, and 43 % (26/60) in the final trimester of pregnancy. <em>Mycoplasma wenyonni</em> was detected in 2.7 % (4/145) blood samples, all in coinfection with ‘<em>C.</em> M. haemobos’. The prevalence by pregnancy trimester was 25 % (1/4) in the first trimester; 1.2 % (1/81) in the second trimester and 3.3 % (2/60) in the third trimester of pregnancy. Hemopathogen DNA was detected in fetus blood samples but not the brain or spleen samples. All the samples were negative for <em>T. vivax, Theileria</em> spp., <em>Anaplasma</em> spp. and <em>Ehrlichia</em> spp. Overall, in this study, approximately 70 % of fetuses were positive for one or more of the studied parasites. No significant associations were observed between pairs of pathogens, except <em>‘C.</em> M. haemobos<em>’</em> and <em>A. marginale</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49320,"journal":{"name":"Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases","volume":"15 5","pages":"Article 102351"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877959X2400044X/pdfft?md5=5fd4a6ce761bdad953082fb38f144aa7&pid=1-s2.0-S1877959X2400044X-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877959X2400044X","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The transplacental transmission of parasites and hemoparasites is crucial for understanding the epidemiology of diseases. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hemopathogens in bovine fetuses at various gestational periods. Samples were obtained from a slaughterhouse in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and a total of 236 fetuses were collected. DNA extracted from blood samples (145) and organ samples (a pool of brain and spleen) (236) underwent a nested PCR (nPCR) assay to detect Babesia spp., Theileria spp., Trypanosoma vivax, Anaplasma marginale, Anaplasma bovis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia minasensis, and hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. Additionally, serological analysis of 145 plasma samples was conducted using the indirect fluorescent antibody test-IFAT to detect IgG against Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, A. marginale, and Trypanosoma vivax. The observed prevalence of transplacental transmission was 19.3 %, 6.2 %, 42.7 % and 2.7 %, for A. marginale, B. bigemina, 'Candidatus M. haemobos', and Mycoplasma wenyonii, respectively. The prevalence of A. marginale by gestational trimester was 16 % (13/81) in the second trimester and 23 % (14/60) in the third trimester, with no positive samples in the first trimester. Regarding the species B. bovis and B. bigemina, all evaluated animals tested negative by nPCR, and no serological evidence for B. bovis was found by the IFAT. Babesia bigemina demonstrated an overall seroprevalence of 6.2 % (9/145), with 4.8 % (7/145) in the last trimester and 1.3 % (2/145) in the second trimester of pregnancy. In total, 42.7 % (62/145) of blood samples were positive for 'Candidatus M. haemobos’, with 42 % (34/81) in the middle trimester, and 43 % (26/60) in the final trimester of pregnancy. Mycoplasma wenyonni was detected in 2.7 % (4/145) blood samples, all in coinfection with ‘C. M. haemobos’. The prevalence by pregnancy trimester was 25 % (1/4) in the first trimester; 1.2 % (1/81) in the second trimester and 3.3 % (2/60) in the third trimester of pregnancy. Hemopathogen DNA was detected in fetus blood samples but not the brain or spleen samples. All the samples were negative for T. vivax, Theileria spp., Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. Overall, in this study, approximately 70 % of fetuses were positive for one or more of the studied parasites. No significant associations were observed between pairs of pathogens, except ‘C. M. haemobos’ and A. marginale.
期刊介绍：
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases is an international, peer-reviewed scientific journal. It publishes original research papers, short communications, state-of-the-art mini-reviews, letters to the editor, clinical-case studies, announcements of pertinent international meetings, and editorials.
The journal covers a broad spectrum and brings together various disciplines, for example, zoology, microbiology, molecular biology, genetics, mathematical modelling, veterinary and human medicine. Multidisciplinary approaches and the use of conventional and novel methods/methodologies (in the field and in the laboratory) are crucial for deeper understanding of the natural processes and human behaviour/activities that result in human or animal diseases and in economic effects of ticks and tick-borne pathogens. Such understanding is essential for management of tick populations and tick-borne diseases in an effective and environmentally acceptable manner.
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