Risk factors for gingival invagination: A retrospective study

IF 5.8 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Journal of Clinical Periodontology Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI:10.1111/jcpe.14005

M. Han, S. H. Li, Y. Yao, Yijiao Zhao, L. P. You, Q. Zheng, X. M. Xu

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Abstract

Aim

This study aimed to identify the risk factors for gingival invagination during orthodontic treatment after premolar extraction.

Materials and Methods

The medical records of 135 patients who had undergone interdental space closure after premolar extraction were collected, and cone beam computed tomography was performed to determine the presence of gingival invagination. The risk factors were examined using mixed-effects models and generalized propensity score weighting (GPSW) to develop a predictive model.

Results

Univariate analysis revealed that the extraction site, buccal bone thickness 4 mm apical to the cemento-enamel junction (MB1), mid-root buccal bone thickness (MB2) and vertical skeletal relationships were related to gingival invagination (p < .05). Furthermore, a subsequent multivariable mixed-effects model analysis indicated a significantly increased risk of gingival invagination at MB1 < 1 mm (p < .001; odds ratio [OR_MB1≤0.5mm] = 29.304; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.986–93.807; OR_0.5<MB1<1mm = 22.309; 95% CI: 9.890–50.320). Row mixing model analysis performed after balancing covariates using GPSW showed that MB1 and vertical skeletal relationships were associated with gingival invagination (p < .05) with an increase in ORs. Therefore, in addition to MB1, the risk of gingival invagination is higher in hyperdivergent and normodivergent patients. During the establishment and internal validation of the predictive model, the area under the curve for all three models exceeded 0.7.

Conclusions

The risk of gingival invagination is higher in patients with MB1 < 1 mm and in normodivergent or hyperdivergent patients.

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牙龈内陷的风险因素：回顾性研究

目的：本研究旨在确定前磨牙拔除后正畸治疗期间牙龈内陷的风险因素：收集 135 名前磨牙拔除后进行牙间隙封闭的患者的病历，并进行锥形束计算机断层扫描以确定是否存在牙龈内陷。采用混合效应模型和广义倾向评分加权法（GPSW）对风险因素进行了研究，以建立预测模型：单变量分析显示，拔牙部位、牙本质-釉质交界处根尖4毫米处的颊骨厚度（MB1）、根中颊骨厚度（MB2）和垂直骨骼关系与牙龈内陷有关（p MB1≤0.5mm] = 29.304；95% 置信区间[CI]：8.986-93.807；OR0.5 = 22.309；95% CI：9.890-50.320）。使用 GPSW 平衡协变量后进行的行混合模型分析表明，MB1 和垂直骨骼关系与牙龈内陷相关（p 结论：MB1 和垂直骨骼关系与牙龈内陷的风险相关：具有 MB1 和垂直骨骼关系的患者发生牙龈内陷的风险较高。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Clinical Periodontology 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

13.30

自引率

10.40%

发文量

175

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Clinical Periodontology was founded by the British, Dutch, French, German, Scandinavian, and Swiss Societies of Periodontology. The aim of the Journal of Clinical Periodontology is to provide the platform for exchange of scientific and clinical progress in the field of Periodontology and allied disciplines, and to do so at the highest possible level. The Journal also aims to facilitate the application of new scientific knowledge to the daily practice of the concerned disciplines and addresses both practicing clinicians and academics. The Journal is the official publication of the European Federation of Periodontology but wishes to retain its international scope. The Journal publishes original contributions of high scientific merit in the fields of periodontology and implant dentistry. Its scope encompasses the physiology and pathology of the periodontium, the tissue integration of dental implants, the biology and the modulation of periodontal and alveolar bone healing and regeneration, diagnosis, epidemiology, prevention and therapy of periodontal disease, the clinical aspects of tooth replacement with dental implants, and the comprehensive rehabilitation of the periodontal patient. Review articles by experts on new developments in basic and applied periodontal science and associated dental disciplines, advances in periodontal or implant techniques and procedures, and case reports which illustrate important new information are also welcome.