Relationship between altered taste and smell with malnutrition among hemodialysis patients

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY Hemodialysis International Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI:10.1111/hdi.13158

İlknur Özkan, Seçil Taylan, Yücel Kurt

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Abstract

Introduction

Alterations in taste and smell are among the most distressing symptoms experienced by haemodialysis patients. There is limited research on the relationship between these two symptoms and malnutrition in haemodialysis patients. This study aimed to investigate alterations in taste and smell in hemodialysis patients and their relationship with malnutrition.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was carried out with 149 hemodialysis patients at the dialysis centers of three state hospitals. The Taste and Smell Dysfunction Questionnaire was used to assess the changes in patients' taste and smell, and the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), as well as the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) tool, were utilized to evaluate their nutritional status.

Findings

A substantial percentage (45.6%) of patients reported an altered sense of smell, and 40.2% reported an altered sense of taste. The aspect of taste that was most abnormal was bitterness (46.7%); 53.0% of the patients were at moderate risk of malnutrition by PNI score, and 14.8% were categorized as malnourished by CONUT score. Malnutrition was related to dialysis vintage: a 1-year increase in vintage was associated with an increased risk of malnutrition (OR: 1.17, 95% CI 1.02–1.32, p < 0.001). Altered taste was associated with malnutrition: one-unit increase in the standard deviation of the taste subdimension score was associated with a relative risk of malnutrition (OR: 6.89, 95% CI 1.67–28.39, p < 0.001). A one-unit increase in the standard deviation of the smell subdimension was associated with relative risk of malnutrition (OR: 1.35, 95% CI 1.10–1.64, p < 0.001).

Discussion

Malnutrition was found in a significantpercentage of hemodialysis patients. Altered taste and smell and the durationof dialysis treatment were significantly associated with malnutrition scores It isrecommended that healthcare professionals regularly assess alterations in tasteand smell in hemodialysis patients, as these alterations may be associated withmalnutrition, and manage these alterations accordingly.

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血液透析患者的味觉和嗅觉改变与营养不良之间的关系。

介绍：味觉和嗅觉的改变是血液透析患者最痛苦的症状之一。有关这两种症状与血液透析患者营养不良之间关系的研究十分有限。本研究旨在调查血液透析患者味觉和嗅觉的改变及其与营养不良的关系：这项横断面研究在三家国立医院的透析中心对 149 名血液透析患者进行了调查。采用味觉和嗅觉功能障碍问卷评估患者的味觉和嗅觉变化，并采用预后营养指数（PNI）和控制营养状况（CONUT）工具评估患者的营养状况：相当大比例（45.6%）的患者报告嗅觉发生了改变，40.2%的患者报告味觉发生了改变。根据 PNI 评分，53.0% 的患者面临中度营养不良风险，根据 CONUT 评分，14.8% 的患者被归类为营养不良。营养不良与透析年份有关：透析年份每增加一年，营养不良的风险就会增加（OR：1.17，95% CI 1.02-1.32，p 讨论）：相当比例的血液透析患者存在营养不良。建议医护人员定期评估血液透析患者的味觉和嗅觉变化，因为这些变化可能与营养不良有关，并对这些变化进行相应的处理。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Hemodialysis International UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY-

CiteScore

2.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Hemodialysis International was originally an annual publication containing the Proceedings of the International Symposium on Hemodialysis held in conjunction with the Annual Dialysis Conference. Since 2003, Hemodialysis International is published quarterly and contains original papers on clinical and experimental topics related to dialysis in addition to the Annual Dialysis Conference supplement. This journal is a must-have for nephrologists, nurses, and technicians worldwide. Quarterly issues of Hemodialysis International are included with your membership to the International Society for Hemodialysis. The journal contains original articles, review articles, and commentary to keep readers completely updated in the field of hemodialysis. Edited by international and multidisciplinary experts, Hemodialysis International disseminates critical information in the field.