Integrating radiometric and aeromagnetic data for assessment of geothermal potential: a case study in Central Eastern Desert, Egypt

Abstract

This research paper presents a comprehensive investigation into the untapped geothermal potential of Egypt’s Central Eastern Desert, highlighting its viability as a promising contender in the pursuit of sustainable energy resources. Through a rigorous multi-disciplinary approach, we systematically assess the feasibility of deploying geothermal energy in the region, supported by meticulous analysis of diverse data sources, including aeromagnetic and radiometric datasets. Our study identifies two primary sources of heat flow energy: granitic rocks enriched with radioactive minerals and dynamic geological motions. By using techniques such as derivative analysis, power spectra analysis, and heat flow calculations, we evaluate the geothermal potential using aeromagnetic data. The tilted derivative operator enables the detection of geological structures, while Curie depth points (CDPs) provide insights into the geothermal gradient and heat flow maps, revealing the distribution of subsurface heat. Surface heat flow calculations further assess the energy generation potential. Additionally, our analysis incorporates methods to estimate radioactive heat production within geological formations, considering uranium, thorium, and potassium isotopes. The ratios of potassium to thorium and uranium to thorium serve as indicators of hydrothermal alteration zones. The research findings reveal a wide range of heat flow values within the depths of the Curie depth point (CDP), ranging from 200 to 700 W/m². At the surface, observed heat flow values range from 6 to 22 mW/m², although relatively lower in magnitude, still hold significant potential for energy production. It is important to acknowledge the contribution of radioactive minerals, as the heat production from these sources ranges from 0 to 35 W/m³. Collectively, these heat sources present viable opportunities for energy extraction, particularly in the area between Safaga and Qusier and the area south of Qusier to Marsa Allam. Surface heat flow and radioactive heat production offer promising prospects for sustainable energy generation.