Robustness and Tunability of Symmetric-Protected Bound States in the Continuums and Quasi-Bound States in the Continuums in Terahertz Metasurfaces

IF 3.7 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Advanced Photonics Research Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI:10.1002/adpr.202400020
Jie Ji, Binbin Zhou, Peter Bøggild, Shihab Al-Daffaie, Peter Uhd Jepsen, Jaime Gomez Rivas
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Abstract

Symmetry-protected bound states in the continuum (BICs), emerging at the Γ 0 $\left(\Gamma\right)_{0}$ point in the Brillouin zone of periodic lattices of scatters, are robust optical modes under modifications in the lattice if the C2 symmetry (two fold rotational symmetry) is preserved. In this study, the manipulation of these symmetry-protected BIC and quasi-BIC modes in a system comprising two metallic rods per unit cell by adjusting their lateral separation and displacement is focused on. With non-symmetric systems under 180° rotation, two distinct coupling mechanisms resulting from changes in the lateral separation are investigated: the coupling of two half-wavelength (λ/2) resonances and the coupling of two surface lattice resonances (SLRs). Notably, symmetric structures with minimal lateral separation cannot sustain BIC modes owing to the near-field coupling between the rods. However, when the lateral separation is sufficiently large, the existence of a BIC mode supported by an SLR remains robust even with positional shifts. Furthermore, increasing the lateral separation and the shift displacement between the rods in asymmetric systems induces a redshift and a blueshift in the quasi-BIC mode, respectively. This shift is attributed to the near-field coupling effect between two rods, enabling the tunability of the resonance frequency with a high-quality factor.

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太赫兹元表面中连续体中的对称保护束缚态和连续体中的准束缚态的稳健性和可调谐性
连续体中受对称保护的束缚态(BIC)出现在周期性散射晶格的布里渊区中的点上,如果 C2 对称性(两折旋转对称性)得以保留,那么这些束缚态在晶格改变的情况下是稳健的光学模式。在本研究中,重点研究了在一个由每个单元格中的两根金属棒组成的系统中,通过调整它们的横向分离和位移来操纵这些受对称保护的 BIC 和准 BIC 模式。在旋转 180° 的非对称系统中,研究了横向分离变化导致的两种不同耦合机制:两个半波长 (λ/2) 共振的耦合和两个表面晶格共振 (SLR) 的耦合。值得注意的是,由于棒之间的近场耦合,横向间隔最小的对称结构无法维持 BIC 模式。然而,当横向间距足够大时,由 SLR 支持的 BIC 模式即使在位置偏移的情况下也能保持稳定。此外,在不对称系统中,增加棒之间的横向间距和位移位移会分别引起准 BIC 模式的红移和蓝移。这种位移归因于两根棒之间的近场耦合效应,使共振频率的可调谐性达到了高质量系数。
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