{"title":"Forcing more 𝖣𝖢 over the Chang model using the Thorn sequence","authors":"James Holland, Grigor Sargsyan","doi":"10.1090/proc/16700","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the context of <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"sans-serif upper Z sans-serif upper F plus sans-serif upper D sans-serif upper C\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"sans-serif\">Z</mml:mi>\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"sans-serif\">F</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mo>+</mml:mo>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"sans-serif\">D</mml:mi>\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"sans-serif\">C</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">\\mathsf {ZF}+\\mathsf {DC}</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>, we force <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"sans-serif upper D sans-serif upper C Subscript kappa\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:msub>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"sans-serif\">D</mml:mi>\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"sans-serif\">C</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mi>κ</mml:mi>\n </mml:msub>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">\\mathsf {DC}_\\kappa</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> for relations on <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"script upper P left-parenthesis kappa right-parenthesis\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi class=\"MJX-tex-caligraphic\" mathvariant=\"script\">P</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo>\n <mml:mi>κ</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mml:mo>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">\\mathcal {P}(\\kappa )</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> for arbitrarily large <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"kappa greater-than normal alef Subscript omega\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mi>κ</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo>></mml:mo>\n <mml:msub>\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">ℵ</mml:mi>\n <mml:mi>ω</mml:mi>\n </mml:msub>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">\\kappa >\\aleph _\\omega</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> over the Chang model <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"normal upper L left-parenthesis normal upper O normal r normal d Superscript omega Baseline right-parenthesis\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">L</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo>\n <mml:msup>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O</mml:mi>\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">r</mml:mi>\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">d</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mi>ω</mml:mi>\n </mml:msup>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mml:mo>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">\\mathrm {L}(\\mathrm {Ord}^\\omega )</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> making some assumptions on the thorn sequence defined by <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"Þ Subscript 0 Baseline equals omega\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:msub>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mo>Þ</mml:mo>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mn>0</mml:mn>\n </mml:msub>\n <mml:mo>=</mml:mo>\n <mml:mi>ω</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">Þ_0=\\omega</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>, <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"Þ Subscript alpha plus 1 Baseline\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:msub>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mo>Þ</mml:mo>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi>α</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo>+</mml:mo>\n <mml:mn>1</mml:mn>\n </mml:mrow>\n </mml:msub>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">Þ_{\\alpha +1}</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> as the least ordinal not a surjective image of <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"Þ Subscript alpha Superscript omega Baseline\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:msubsup>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mo>Þ</mml:mo>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mi>α</mml:mi>\n <mml:mi>ω</mml:mi>\n </mml:msubsup>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">Þ_\\alpha ^\\omega</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> and <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"Þ Subscript gamma Baseline equals sup Underscript alpha greater-than gamma Endscripts Þ\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:msub>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mo>Þ</mml:mo>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi>\n </mml:msub>\n <mml:mo>=</mml:mo>\n <mml:munder>\n <mml:mo movablelimits=\"true\" form=\"prefix\">sup</mml:mo>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi>α</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo>></mml:mo>\n <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n </mml:munder>\n <mml:msub>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mo>Þ</mml:mo>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mi>α</mml:mi>\n </mml:msub>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">Þ_\\gamma =\\sup _{\\alpha >\\gamma }Þ_\\alpha</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> for limit <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"gamma\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">\\gamma</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>. These assumptions are motivated from results about <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"normal upper Theta\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">Θ</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">\\Theta</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> in the context of determinacy, and could be reasonable ways of thinking about the Chang model. Explicitly, we assume successor points <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"lamda\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">\\lambda</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> on the thorn sequence are strongly regular—meaning regular and functions <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"f colon kappa Superscript greater-than kappa Baseline right-arrow lamda\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mi>f</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo>:</mml:mo>\n <mml:msup>\n <mml:mi>κ</mml:mi>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mo>></mml:mo>\n <mml:mi>κ</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n </mml:msup>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">→</mml:mo>\n <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">f:\\kappa ^{>\\kappa }\\rightarrow \\lambda</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> are bounded whenever <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"kappa greater-than lamda\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mi>κ</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo>></mml:mo>\n <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">\\kappa >\\lambda</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> is on the thorn sequence—and justified—meaning <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"script upper P left-parenthesis kappa Superscript omega Baseline right-parenthesis intersection normal upper L left-parenthesis normal upper O normal r normal d Superscript omega Baseline right-parenthesis subset-of-or-equal-to normal upper L Subscript lamda Baseline left-parenthesis lamda Superscript omega Baseline comma upper X right-parenthesis\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi class=\"MJX-tex-caligraphic\" mathvariant=\"script\">P</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo>\n <mml:msup>\n <mml:mi>κ</mml:mi>\n <mml:mi>ω</mml:mi>\n </mml:msup>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mml:mo>\n <mml:mo>∩</mml:mo>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">L</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo>\n <mml:msup>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O</mml:mi>\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">r</mml:mi>\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">d</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mi>ω</mml:mi>\n </mml:msup>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mml:mo>\n <mml:mo>⊆</mml:mo>\n <mml:msub>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">L</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n </mml:msub>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo>\n <mml:msup>\n <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi>\n <mml:mi>ω</mml:mi>\n </mml:msup>\n ","PeriodicalId":20696,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1090/proc/16700","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In the context of ZF+DC\mathsf {ZF}+\mathsf {DC}, we force DCκ\mathsf {DC}_\kappa for relations on P(κ)\mathcal {P}(\kappa ) for arbitrarily large κ>ℵω\kappa >\aleph _\omega over the Chang model L(Ordω)\mathrm {L}(\mathrm {Ord}^\omega ) making some assumptions on the thorn sequence defined by Þ0=ωÞ_0=\omega, Þα+1Þ_{\alpha +1} as the least ordinal not a surjective image of ÞαωÞ_\alpha ^\omega and Þγ=supα>γÞαÞ_\gamma =\sup _{\alpha >\gamma }Þ_\alpha for limit γ\gamma. These assumptions are motivated from results about Θ\Theta in the context of determinacy, and could be reasonable ways of thinking about the Chang model. Explicitly, we assume successor points λ\lambda on the thorn sequence are strongly regular—meaning regular and functions f:κ>κ→λf:\kappa ^{>\kappa }\rightarrow \lambda are bounded whenever κ>λ\kappa >\lambda is on the thorn sequence—and justified—meaning P(κω)∩L(Ordω)⊆Lλ(λω
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