Efficacy and Safety of Minimally Invasive Surgery Techniques in The Treatment of Acute Appendicitis: A literature review.

Abstract

An appendectomy is often used to treat acute appendicitis, which is characterized by inflammation of the vermiform appendix. Techniques in minimally invasive surgery (MIS), such as endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy (ERAT), single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS), and laparoscopic appendectomy, have become popular substitutes for open surgery. The purpose of this review is to assess the safety and effectiveness of MIS methods for treating acute appendicitis. A comprehensive analysis of English-language literature from 2019 to 2024 was carried out to evaluate the safety and efficacy of MIS procedures for acute appendicitis. Research that satisfied the inclusion requirements was examined for pertinent information on SILS, ERAT, and laparoscopic appendectomy. Compared to open surgery, laparoscopic appendectomy showed shorter hospital stays, less pain after surgery, and quicker recovery rates. Comparable to traditional laparoscopic methods in terms of effectiveness, SILS and TULS provide potential advantages in terms of cosmesis and patient satisfaction. With faster recovery durations and fewer complications, ERAT showed encouraging results; nonetheless, questions about long-term effectiveness and recurrence rates were raised. In order to treat acute appendicitis, MIS procedures provide viable options that may shorten hospital stays, ease postoperative pain, and increase patient satisfaction. More investigation is necessary to improve patient selection criteria and operative approaches in order to maximize the efficacy of MIS in the therapy of appendicitis.