Potential utilization of natural solid waste found in the northeast India for development of polymeric composites: process, properties, challenges, and applications: a review

Abstract

The increasing environmental consciousness and demands of laws have encouraged researchers to develop new environment friendly materials. A large human population requires humongous amount of agricultural produce due to which there is increase in agricultural wastes. Proper use of these wastages can be utilized using the natural fibers/fillers as reinforcements in composites. The usages of these natural solid agro/food wastes have greater potential and provided better solution to replace conventional materials and plastics for domestic and household appliances. Therefore, this review summarized the potential usages and progress of naturally derived bio-fillers and the development of sustainable composites for practical implementations. The intention of this review article is to give a quick overview of the current situation for utilization of these agro/food wastes in the field of polymer composites. The various challenges and qualities during extraction, fabrications, and manufacturing process of these bio-fillers with composites have been also discussed. The performance of developed composites using agro/food waste derived bio-fillers has been also summarized as per their utilizations for various applications. The limitation of these extracted fillers/fibers and polymer composites have been accounted like chemical composition, water absorption, incompatibility with matrix material, limited mechanical properties with their enhancing mechanisms to overcomes these limitations.