Creating a Geosite Inventory for some Classic Outcrops in Nigeria’s Southeastern Province

Abstract

Since outcropping rock units are key to understanding earth’s history and rock records, there is a need to preserve the geological sites where these rocks are seen for future accessibility. Numerous individuals, institutions and fieldtrip groups visit accessible, classic geologic outcrops every year across some key Nigeria’s inland sedimentary basins. As professionals, we must care for important outcrops so they can continue to enlighten and educate earth scientists well into the future. The aim of this study is to take an inventory of these elements (geological features) with the view of grouping them in various geological sites (tectonic/structural, stratigraphical, geomorphological, mineralogical, petrological, hydrological, and palaeontological geosites) of interests, thereby popularizing and documenting them for future use. Hence, this paper describes some of the classic geologic outcrops (faults and anticlinal fold structures, litho-stratigraphic boundaries, channel fills, valleys and caves, cliffs with plunging waterfalls, mineralized host rocks/zones, igneous emplacements and index fossils) in the southeastern province of Nigeria. Emphasis was on the inventory and photo-documentation of these striking geologic features. Possible preservation policies that could aid in the conservation of these geological sites have been suggested. In addition, a geosite map that captures the location of these outcrops was generated using field information. This will serve as a field guide for individuals, institutions, and companies interested in geological studies and exploration, geotourism and recreational activities.