New strategies to study in depth the metabolic mechanism of astaxanthin biosynthesis in Phaffia rhodozyma.

IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Critical Reviews in Biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-05-26 DOI:10.1080/07388551.2024.2344578
Zhipeng Li, Li You, Xiping Du, Haoyi Yang, Liang Yang, Yanbing Zhu, Lijun Li, Zedong Jiang, Qingbiao Li, Ning He, Rui Lin, Zhen Chen, Hui Ni
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Abstract

Astaxanthin, a ketone carotenoid known for its high antioxidant activity, holds significant potential for application in nutraceuticals, aquaculture, and cosmetics. The increasing market demand necessitates a higher production of astaxanthin using Phaffia rhodozyma. Despite extensive research efforts focused on optimizing fermentation conditions, employing mutagenesis treatments, and utilizing genetic engineering technologies to enhance astaxanthin yield in P. rhodozyma, progress in this area remains limited. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the current understanding of rough metabolic pathways, regulatory mechanisms, and preliminary strategies for enhancing astaxanthin yield. However, further investigation is required to fully comprehend the intricate and essential metabolic regulation mechanism underlying astaxanthin synthesis. Specifically, the specific functions of key genes, such as crtYB, crtS, and crtI, need to be explored in detail. Additionally, a thorough understanding of the action mechanism of bifunctional enzymes and alternative splicing products is imperative. Lastly, the regulation of metabolic flux must be thoroughly investigated to reveal the complete pathway of astaxanthin synthesis. To obtain an in-depth mechanism and improve the yield of astaxanthin, this review proposes some frontier methods, including: omics, genome editing, protein structure-activity analysis, and synthetic biology. Moreover, it further elucidates the feasibility of new strategies using these advanced methods in various effectively combined ways to resolve these problems mentioned above. This review provides theory and method for studying the metabolic pathway of astaxanthin in P. rhodozyma and the industrial improvement of astaxanthin, and provides new insights into the flexible combined use of multiple modern advanced biotechnologies.

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深入研究 Phaffia rhodozyma 虾青素生物合成代谢机制的新策略。
虾青素是一种酮类类胡萝卜素,以其极高的抗氧化活性而闻名,在营养保健品、水产养殖和化妆品等领域有着巨大的应用潜力。随着市场需求的不断增长,有必要利用红藻来提高虾青素的产量。尽管大量的研究工作集中在优化发酵条件、采用诱变处理和利用基因工程技术来提高红掌虾青素的产量,但这一领域的进展仍然有限。本综述全面总结了目前对虾青素的粗略代谢途径、调控机制和提高虾青素产量的初步策略的了解。然而,要全面了解虾青素合成背后复杂而重要的代谢调节机制,还需要进一步的研究。具体而言,需要详细探讨关键基因(如 crtYB、crtS 和 crtI)的具体功能。此外,透彻了解双功能酶和替代剪接产物的作用机制也势在必行。最后,必须深入研究代谢通量的调节,以揭示虾青素合成的完整途径。为了深入研究虾青素的合成机制,提高虾青素的产量,本综述提出了一些前沿方法,包括:全息图学、基因组编辑、蛋白质结构-活性分析和合成生物学。此外,本综述还进一步阐明了利用这些先进方法以各种有效组合方式解决上述问题的新策略的可行性。这篇综述为研究红藻虾青素的代谢途径和虾青素的工业改良提供了理论和方法,并为灵活结合使用多种现代先进生物技术提供了新的见解。
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来源期刊
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology 工程技术-生物工程与应用微生物
CiteScore
20.80
自引率
1.10%
发文量
71
审稿时长
4.8 months
期刊介绍: Biotechnological techniques, from fermentation to genetic manipulation, have become increasingly relevant to the food and beverage, fuel production, chemical and pharmaceutical, and waste management industries. Consequently, academic as well as industrial institutions need to keep abreast of the concepts, data, and methodologies evolved by continuing research. This journal provides a forum of critical evaluation of recent and current publications and, periodically, for state-of-the-art reports from various geographic areas around the world. Contributing authors are recognized experts in their fields, and each article is reviewed by an objective expert to ensure accuracy and objectivity of the presentation.
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