Multidirectional Intervention of Chinese Herbal Medicine in the Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerosis: From Endothelial Protection to Immunomodulation.

The American journal of Chinese medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-27 DOI:10.1142/S0192415X24500381
Jia-Ni Li, Meng-Yu Wang, Yu-Rong Tan, Li-Li Wang
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Abstract

Atherosclerosis is a significant risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease and a leading cause of death worldwide. The occurrence of atherosclerosis is closely related to factors such as endothelial injury, lipid deposition, immunity, and inflammation. Conventional statins, currently used in atherosclerosis treatment, have numerous adverse side effects that limit their clinical utility, prompting the urgent need to identify safer and more effective therapeutic alternatives. Growing evidence indicates the significant potential of Chinese herbs in atherosclerosis treatment. Herbal monomer components, such as natural flavonoid compounds extracted from herbs like Coptis chinensis and Panax notoginseng, have been utilized for their lipid-lowering and inflammation-inhibiting effects in atherosclerosis treatment. These herbs can be used as single components in treating diseases and with other Chinese medicines to form herbal combinations. This approach targets the disease mechanism in multiple ways, enhancing the therapeutic effects. Thus, this review examines the roles of Chinese herbal medicine monomers and Chinese herbal compounds in inhibiting atherosclerosis, including regulating lipids, improving endothelial function, reducing oxidative stress, regulating inflammation and the immune response, and apoptosis. By highlighting these roles, our study offers new perspectives on atherosclerosis treatment with Chinese herbs and is anticipated to contribute to advancements in related research fields.

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中药在动脉粥样硬化防治中的多向干预:从内皮保护到免疫调节。
动脉粥样硬化是罹患心血管疾病的重要风险因素,也是导致全球死亡的主要原因。动脉粥样硬化的发生与内皮损伤、脂质沉积、免疫和炎症等因素密切相关。目前用于治疗动脉粥样硬化的传统他汀类药物有许多不良副作用,限制了其临床应用,因此迫切需要找到更安全、更有效的替代治疗药物。越来越多的证据表明,中草药在治疗动脉粥样硬化方面具有巨大潜力。中草药单体成分,如从黄连和三七等中草药中提取的天然类黄酮化合物,具有降血脂和抑制炎症的作用,已被用于动脉粥样硬化的治疗。这些中草药既可作为单一成分用于治疗疾病,也可与其他中药组成中草药组合。这种方法以多种方式针对疾病机制,增强了治疗效果。因此,本综述探讨了中药单体和中药复方在抑制动脉粥样硬化方面的作用,包括调节血脂、改善内皮功能、减少氧化应激、调节炎症和免疫反应以及细胞凋亡。通过强调这些作用,我们的研究为用中草药治疗动脉粥样硬化提供了新的视角,并有望推动相关研究领域的进展。
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