Trend in prevalence, associated risk factors, and longitudinal outcomes of sarcopenia in China: A national cohort study

IF 9 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Journal of Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-27 DOI:10.1111/joim.13808

Weida Qiu, Anping Cai, Liwen Li, Yingqing Feng

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Abstract

Aims

To estimate the contemporary trend in the prevalence of sarcopenia and evaluate its risk factors and the longitudinal associations with multiple chronic conditions and mortality among Chinese middle-aged and older adults.

Methods

This was a nationwide, prospective cohort study using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The definition of sarcopenia was based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 algorithm. In the cross-sectional analysis, we estimated the trend in the weighted prevalence of sarcopenia from 2011 to 2015 and examined the associated risk factors for sarcopenia severity in 2011. In the longitudinal analysis, we assessed the longitudinal associations between sarcopenia and 14 chronic conditions and mortality during a 9-year follow-up.

Results

The weighted prevalence of sarcopenia remained consistently high in the overall population from 2011 (15.9%, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 15.1, 16.6) to 2015 (15.0%, 95% CI: 14.3, 15.6; p for trend = 0.075). A range of risk factors were independently associated with the severity of sarcopenia, including older age, female sex, lower socioeconomic status, smoking status, malnutrition, and several chronic conditions. Possible sarcopenic and sarcopenic individuals had higher odds of several chronic conditions (i.e., heart disease, chronic lung disease, and memory-related disease) and increased risks of mortality (possible sarcopenia: odds ratios (OR): 1.66, 95% CI: 1.37, 2.00; sarcopenia: OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.36, 2.11) in 9 years of follow-up.

Conclusions

The prevalence of sarcopenia remained consistently high in the investigated population. Various risk factors were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of sarcopenia. Sarcopenic individuals had higher odds of several chronic conditions and increased risks of mortality, highlighting that the urgent need for dedicated efforts to improve the management of sarcopenic patients.

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中国肌肉疏松症的患病趋势、相关风险因素和纵向结果：全国队列研究。

目的：估计当代中国中老年人肌肉疏松症患病率的趋势，评估其风险因素及其与多种慢性疾病和死亡率的纵向关系：这是一项全国性的前瞻性队列研究，使用的数据来自中国健康与退休纵向研究（China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study）。对 "肌肉疏松症 "的定义基于亚洲 "肌肉疏松症工作组 "的 2019 年算法。在横断面分析中，我们估计了2011年至2015年肌肉疏松症加权患病率的变化趋势，并研究了2011年肌肉疏松症严重程度的相关风险因素。在纵向分析中，我们评估了9年随访期间肌肉疏松症与14种慢性疾病和死亡率之间的纵向关联：从 2011 年（15.9%，95% 置信区间 [CI]：15.1, 16.6）到 2015 年（15.0%，95% 置信区间：14.3, 15.6；趋势 p = 0.075），总体人群中肌肉疏松症的加权患病率一直居高不下。一系列风险因素与肌肉疏松症的严重程度有独立关联，包括年龄较大、女性、社会经济地位较低、吸烟状况、营养不良和几种慢性疾病。可能患有肌肉疏松症和肌肉疏松症的人患有几种慢性疾病（即心脏病、慢性肺病和记忆相关疾病）的几率更高，死亡风险也更高（可能患有肌肉疏松症：几率比（OR）：1.66，95% CI：1.37，2.00；肌肉疏松症：OR：1.69，95% CI：1.37，2.00）：结论：在调查人群中，肌肉疏松症的发病率一直居高不下。各种风险因素都与较高的肌肉疏松症患病率密切相关。肌肉疏松症患者罹患几种慢性疾病的几率更高，死亡风险也更高。

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来源期刊

Journal of Internal Medicine 医学-医学：内科

CiteScore

22.00

自引率

0.90%

发文量

176

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： JIM – The Journal of Internal Medicine, in continuous publication since 1863, is an international, peer-reviewed scientific journal. It publishes original work in clinical science, spanning from bench to bedside, encompassing a wide range of internal medicine and its subspecialties. JIM showcases original articles, reviews, brief reports, and research letters in the field of internal medicine.