Modeling Full Life-Cycle Effects of Copper on Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) Populations

IF 3.6 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI:10.1002/etc.5890

Sharon D. Janssen, Karel P. J. Viaene, Patrick Van Sprang, Karel A. C. De Schamphelaere

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Abstract

Population models are increasingly used to predict population-level effects of chemicals. For trout, most toxicity data are available on early-life stages, but this may cause population models to miss true population-level effects. We predicted population-level effects of copper (Cu) on a brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) population based on individual-level effects observed in either a life-cycle study or an early-life stage study. We assessed the effect of Cu on predicted trout densities (both total and different age classes) and the importance of accounting for effects on the full life cycle compared with only early-life stage effects. Additionally, uncertainty about the death mechanism and growth effects was evaluated by comparing the effect of different implementation methods: individual tolerance (IT) versus stochastic death (SD) and continuous versus temporary growth effects. For the life-cycle study, the same population-level no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC_pop) was predicted as the lowest reported individual-level NOEC (NOEC_ind; 9.5 µg/L) using IT. For SD, the NOEC_pop was predicted to be lower than the NOEC_ind for young-of-the-year and 1-year-old trout (3.4 µg/L), but similar for older trout (9.5 µg/L). The implementation method for growth effects did not affect the NOEC_pop of the life-cycle study_. Simulations based solely on the early-life stage effects within the life-cycle study predicted unbounded NOEC_pop values (≥32.5 µg/L), that is, >3.4 times higher than the NOEC_pop based on all life-cycle effects. For the early-life stage study, the NOEC_pop for both IT and SD were predicted to be >2.6 times higher than the lowest reported NOEC_ind. Overall, we demonstrate that effects on trout populations can be underestimated if predictions are solely based on toxicity data with early-life stages. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1662–1676. © 2024 SETAC

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模拟铜对布鲁克鳟鱼（Salvelinus fontinalis）种群整个生命周期的影响。

种群模型越来越多地用于预测化学品对种群的影响。对于鳟鱼来说，大多数毒性数据都是早期生命阶段的数据，但这可能会导致种群模型错过真正的种群水平效应。我们根据在生命周期研究或生命早期阶段研究中观察到的个体效应，预测了铜（Cu）对鳟鱼（Salvelinus fontinalis）种群的种群效应。我们评估了铜对预测鳟鱼密度（总密度和不同年龄段密度）的影响，以及考虑对整个生命周期影响的重要性，而不是仅考虑对早期生命阶段的影响。此外，还通过比较不同实施方法的效果，评估了死亡机制和生长效应的不确定性：个体耐受（IT）与随机死亡（SD）以及连续生长效应与暂时生长效应。在生命周期研究中，使用 IT 预测的群体水平无观测效应浓度（NOECpop）与报告的最低个体水平无观测效应浓度（NOECind；9.5 µg/L）相同。对于 SD，预测年幼鳟鱼和 1 岁鳟鱼的 NOECpop 低于 NOECind（3.4 µg/L），但与年长鳟鱼的 NOECpop 相近（9.5 µg/L）。生长效应的实施方法不会影响生命周期研究的 NOECpop。在生命周期研究中，仅基于早期生命阶段效应的模拟预测 NOECpop 值无限制（≥32.5 µg/L），即比基于所有生命周期效应的 NOECpop 高出 3.4 倍以上。在生命早期阶段的研究中，IT 和 SD 的 NOECpop 预测值比报告的最低 NOECind 高出 >2.6 倍。总之，我们证明，如果仅根据早期生命阶段的毒性数据进行预测，可能会低估对鳟鱼种群的影响。环境毒物化学 2024;00:1-15。© 2024 SETAC.

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来源期刊

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 环境科学-毒理学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

9.80%

发文量

265

审稿时长

3.4 months

期刊介绍： The Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) publishes two journals: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (ET&C) and Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management (IEAM). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry is dedicated to furthering scientific knowledge and disseminating information on environmental toxicology and chemistry, including the application of these sciences to risk assessment.[...] Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry is interdisciplinary in scope and integrates the fields of environmental toxicology; environmental, analytical, and molecular chemistry; ecology; physiology; biochemistry; microbiology; genetics; genomics; environmental engineering; chemical, environmental, and biological modeling; epidemiology; and earth sciences. ET&C seeks to publish papers describing original experimental or theoretical work that significantly advances understanding in the area of environmental toxicology, environmental chemistry and hazard/risk assessment. Emphasis is given to papers that enhance capabilities for the prediction, measurement, and assessment of the fate and effects of chemicals in the environment, rather than simply providing additional data. The scientific impact of papers is judged in terms of the breadth and depth of the findings and the expected influence on existing or future scientific practice. Methodological papers must make clear not only how the work differs from existing practice, but the significance of these differences to the field. Site-based research or monitoring must have regional or global implications beyond the particular site, such as evaluating processes, mechanisms, or theory under a natural environmental setting.

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