Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Routine Immunization Among Tribal Children in Odisha: A Rapid Epidemiological Survey.

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-07-15 Epub Date: 2024-05-25

G Alekhya, Dinesh Prasad Sahu, Binod Kumar Patro, Priyamadhaba Behera, Manish Taywade, Sankalp Suhag Dash

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Abstract

Objective: To assess the impact of COVID-19 on immunization coverage and delayed vaccination among tribal children in the Khordha district of Odisha state.

Methods: A cross-sectional rapid epidemiological survey was conducted using a standard WHO (30 × 7) cluster survey with 30 tribal villages under the Community Health Centre (CHC), Mendhasala, Odisha, as clusters and seven children from each cluster. A total of 14 children from each cluster; seven each born in 2019 (2019 cohort) and 2020 (2020 cohort), amounting to 420 children were included. The dates of vaccination and related details were obtained from the mother and child protection cards alongside a pretested, semi-structured questionnaires administered to the mothers or primary caregivers. Immunization coverage and delayed vaccination rates were compared between the two cohorts.

Results: Full immunization coverage was 81.9% and 77.6% in the 2019 and 2020 cohorts, respectively. A significant decline in full immunization coverage was seen for 14 weeks (Pentavalent-3) vaccine in 2020 cohort (P = 0.01). The proportion of delayed vaccination for scheduled vaccines at birth, 6 weeks, 10 weeks, 14 weeks, and 9-12 months for 2019 cohort and 2020 cohort were 8.6%, 6.7%, 18.1%, 19.5%, 22.4%, and 21.9%, 26.7%, 30.5%, 19%, 16.2%, respectively. However, delayed vaccination rates among the 2019 and 2020 cohorts were not statistically significant.

Conclusion: Our study findings showed a little decline in immunization coverage in tribal areas during the pandemic.

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COVID-19 大流行对奥迪沙部落儿童常规免疫接种的影响：快速流行病学调查。

目的评估 COVID-19 对奥迪沙邦 Khordha 地区部落儿童免疫覆盖率和延迟接种疫苗的影响：采用世界卫生组织的标准（30 x 7）群组调查法进行了一次横断面快速流行病学调查，以奥迪沙邦门达萨拉社区卫生中心（CHC）下辖的 30 个部落村庄为群组，每个群组有 7 名儿童。每个群组共包括 14 名儿童；2019 年（2019 年群组）和 2020 年（2020 年群组）出生的儿童各 7 名，共计 420 名儿童。从母亲和儿童保护卡中获得了疫苗接种日期和相关详细信息，同时还向母亲或主要照顾者发放了一份经过预先测试的半结构化问卷。对两组儿童的免疫接种覆盖率和延迟接种率进行了比较：2019年和2020年两批儿童的全面免疫覆盖率分别为81.9%和77.6%。2020年组群中，14周疫苗的全面免疫覆盖率出现了明显下降（P值=0.01）。在 2019 年队列和 2020 年队列中，出生、6 周、10 周、14 周和 9-12 个月的计划疫苗延迟接种比例分别为 8.6%、6.7%、18.1%、19.5%、22.4%，以及 21.9%、26.7%、30.5%、19%、16.2%。然而，2019 年和 2020 年的延迟接种率在统计学上并不显著：我们的研究结果表明，大流行期间部落地区的免疫接种覆盖率略有下降。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Indian pediatrics 医学-小儿科

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

8.70%

发文量

344

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The general objective of Indian Pediatrics is "To promote the science and practice of Pediatrics." An important guiding principle has been the simultaneous need to inform, educate and entertain the target audience. The specific key objectives are: -To publish original, relevant, well researched peer reviewed articles on issues related to child health. -To provide continuing education to support informed clinical decisions and research. -To foster responsible and balanced debate on controversial issues that affect child health, including non-clinical areas such as medical education, ethics, law, environment and economics. -To achieve the highest level of ethical medical journalism and to produce a publication that is timely, credible and enjoyable to read.