Non-transcriptional regulatory activity of SMAX1 and SMXL2 mediates karrikin-regulated seedling response to red light in Arabidopsis.

IF 17.1 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Molecular Plant Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-27 DOI:10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.007
Wenwen Chang, Qiao Qiao, Qingtian Li, Xin Li, Yanyan Li, Xiahe Huang, Yingchun Wang, Jiayang Li, Bing Wang, Lei Wang
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Abstract

Karrikins and strigolactones govern plant development and environmental responses through closely related signaling pathways. The transcriptional repressor proteins SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1 (SMAX1), SMAX1-like2 (SMXL2), and D53-like SMXLs mediate karrikin and strigolactone signaling by directly binding downstream genes or by inhibiting the activities of transcription factors. In this study, we characterized the non-transcriptional regulatory activities of SMXL proteins in Arabidopsis. We discovered that SMAX1 and SMXL2 with mutations in their ethylene-response factor-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif had undetectable or weak transcriptional repression activities but still partially rescued the hypocotyl elongation defects and fully reversed the cotyledon epinasty defects of the smax1 smxl2 mutant. SMAX1 and SMXL2 directly interact with PHYTOCHROME INTERACTION FACTOR 4 (PIF4) and PIF5 to enhance their protein stability by interacting with phytochrome B (phyB) and suppressing the association of phyB with PIF4 and PIF5. The karrikin-responsive genes were then identified by treatment with GR24ent-5DS, a GR24 analog showing karrikin activity. Interestingly, INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 29 (IAA29) expression was repressed by GR24ent-5DS treatment in a PIF4- and PIF5-dependent and EAR-independent manner, whereas KARRIKIN UPREGULATED F-BOX 1 (KUF1) expression was induced in a PIF4- and PIF5-independent and EAR-dependent manner. Furthermore, the non-transcriptional regulatory activity of SMAX1, which is independent of the EAR motif, had a global effect on gene expression. Taken together, these results indicate that non-transcriptional regulatory activities of SMAX1 and SMXL2 mediate karrikin-regulated seedling response to red light.

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SMAX1和SMXL2的非转录调控活性介导拟南芥幼苗对红光的反应。
卡里金和绞股蓝内酯通过密切相关的信号通路控制植物发育和环境响应。转录抑制蛋白 SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1(SMAX1)、SMAX1-like2(SMXL2)和 D53-like SMXLs 通过直接结合下游基因或抑制转录因子的活性来介导卡里金和赤霉内酯的信号转导。在这项研究中,我们研究了拟南芥中 SMXL 蛋白的非转录调控活动。我们发现,SMAX1和SMXL2的乙烯反应因子相关两亲抑制(EAR)基因座突变后,其转录抑制活性未被发现或很弱,但仍能部分挽救smax1 smxl2突变体的下胚轴伸长缺陷,并完全逆转子叶外倾缺陷。SMAX1和SMXL2与植物色素互作因子4(PIF4)和PIF5直接互作,并通过与植物色素B(phyB)互作和抑制phyB与PIF4和PIF5的结合来提高PIF4和PIF5的蛋白稳定性。用具有卡里金活性的 GR24 类似物 GR24ent-5DS 处理后,进一步确定了卡里金反应基因。有趣的是,INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 29(IAA29)的表达在 GR24ent-5DS 处理后以 PIF4 和 PIF5 依赖和 EAR 不依赖的方式受到抑制,而 KARRIKIN UPREGULATED F-BOX 1(KUF1)的表达则以 PIF4 和 PIF5 依赖和 EAR 不依赖的方式被诱导。此外,SMAX1 的非转录调控活性独立于 EAR 基序,对基因表达有全面影响。综上所述,这些结果揭示了 SMAX1 和 SMXL2 的非转录调控活性介导了卡里金调控的幼苗对红光的反应。
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来源期刊
Molecular Plant
Molecular Plant 植物科学-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
37.60
自引率
2.20%
发文量
1784
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Molecular Plant is dedicated to serving the plant science community by publishing novel and exciting findings with high significance in plant biology. The journal focuses broadly on cellular biology, physiology, biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics, development, plant-microbe interaction, genomics, bioinformatics, and molecular evolution. Molecular Plant publishes original research articles, reviews, Correspondence, and Spotlights on the most important developments in plant biology.
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