Mother-reliant or self-reliant: the germination strategy of seeds in a species-rich alpine meadow is associated with the existence of pericarps.

IF 3.6 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Annals of botany Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI:10.1093/aob/mcae086
Xiao-Qing Li, Hong-Yu Zhu, Yong-Deng He, Anne Christine Ochola, La Qiong, Chun-Feng Yang
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Abstract

Background and aims: Some plants germinate their seeds enclosed by a pericarp, whereas others lack the outer packaging. As a maternal tissue, the pericarp might impart seeds with different germination strategies. Plants in a community with different flowering times might separately disperse and germinate their seeds; therefore, flowering time can be considered as one manifestation of maternal effects on the offspring. The mass of the seed is another important factor influencing germination and represents the intrinsic resource of the seed that supports germination. Using seeds from a species-rich alpine meadow located in the Hengduan Mountains of China, a global biodiversity hotspot, we aimed to illustrate whether and how the type of seed (with or without a pericarp) modulates the interaction of flowering time and seed mass with germination.

Methods: Seeds were germinated in generally favourable conditions, and the speed of germination [estimated by mean germination time (MGT)] was calculated. We quantified the maternal conditions by separation of flowering time for 67 species in the meadow, of which 31 produced seeds with pericarps and 36 yielded seeds without pericarps. We also weighed 100 seeds of each species to assess their mass.

Key results: The MGT varied between the two types of seeds. For seeds with pericarps, MGT was associated with flowering time but not with seed mass. Plants with earlier flowering times in the meadow exhibited more rapid seed germination. For seeds without a pericarp, the MGT depended on seed mass, with smaller seeds germinating more rapidly than larger seeds.

Conclusions: The distinct responses of germination to flowering time and seed mass observed in seeds with and without a pericarp suggest that germination strategies might be mother-reliant for seeds protected by pericarps but self-reliant for those without such protection. This new finding improves our understanding of seed germination by integrating ecologically mediated maternal conditions and inherent genetic properties.

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依赖母亲还是自力更生在物种丰富的高山草甸上,种子的萌发策略与包囊的存在有关。
背景和目的:一些植物的种子萌发时被果皮包裹,而另一些植物的种子则没有外包装。果皮作为母体组织,可能赋予种子不同的萌发策略。在一个群落中,不同花期的植物可能会分别散播和萌发它们的种子;因此,花期可被视为母体对后代影响的一种表现形式。种子的质量是影响萌发的另一个重要因素,它代表了支持萌发的种子内在资源。我们利用位于中国横断山脉这一全球生物多样性热点地区的物种丰富的高山草甸的种子,旨在说明种子类型(有果皮和无果皮)是否以及如何调节开花时间和种子质量与萌发的相互作用:方法:种子在一般有利条件下萌发,并计算萌发速度(以平均萌发时间(MGT)估算)。我们对草甸中 67 个物种的开花时间进行了量化,其中 31 个物种的种子有包心,36 个物种的种子没有包心。我们还称量了 100 颗种子的重量,以评估其质量:主要结果:两类种子的MGT各不相同。对于有包心的种子,MGT 与开花时间有关,但与种子质量无关。草地上开花时间较早的植物表现出更快的种子萌发速度。对于没有果皮的种子,MGT取决于种子质量,较小的种子比较大的种子萌发得更快:结论:在有果皮和无果皮的种子中观察到的萌发对开花时间和种子质量的不同反应表明,有果皮保护的种子的萌发策略可能依赖于母本,而无果皮保护的种子的萌发策略则是自力更生。这项新发现将生态介导的母本条件和固有遗传特性结合在一起,提高了我们对种子萌发的认识。
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来源期刊
Annals of botany
Annals of botany 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
4.80%
发文量
138
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Annals of Botany is an international plant science journal publishing novel and rigorous research in all areas of plant science. It is published monthly in both electronic and printed forms with at least two extra issues each year that focus on a particular theme in plant biology. The Journal is managed by the Annals of Botany Company, a not-for-profit educational charity established to promote plant science worldwide. The Journal publishes original research papers, invited and submitted review articles, ''Research in Context'' expanding on original work, ''Botanical Briefings'' as short overviews of important topics, and ''Viewpoints'' giving opinions. All papers in each issue are summarized briefly in Content Snapshots , there are topical news items in the Plant Cuttings section and Book Reviews . A rigorous review process ensures that readers are exposed to genuine and novel advances across a wide spectrum of botanical knowledge. All papers aim to advance knowledge and make a difference to our understanding of plant science.
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