Outpatient Follow-Up and Reconstructive Surgery Rates in Massive Burn Survivors: Investigating the Social Determinants.

Abstract

Burn care continues to improve and larger total body surface area (TBSA) burn survival is increasing. These survivors require more extensive care than smaller burns and are at higher risk for wound/scar-related complications. Prior work has shown low rates of follow-up for burn survivors linked to socioeconomic factors such as housing insecurity and substance use. There are limited studies that evaluate socioeconomic factors that contribute to follow-up and reconstructive surgery rates in massively burned patients. Patients who survived to discharge with >50% TBSA burns and planned return to the treating institution were included in the study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on the data collected. Sixty-five patients were included with an average TBSA of 63.1%. Fifty-three patients (81.5%) attended at least one follow-up appointment with median of 4 follow-up appointments. Younger patients (33 ± 9 vs 44 ± 11; P = .0006), patients with larger TBSA burns (65 ± 13 vs 55 ± 5%; P = .02), those with private insurance, and those without housing insecurity (1.8% vs 45.4%; P = .003) were more likely to follow up. On multivariate regression analysis, patients with housing insecurity were independently associated with lack of follow-up (OR: 0.009; CI: 0.00001-0.57). Thirty-five patients had at least one reconstructive surgery and 31 patients had reconstructive surgery after discharge. No patients with housing insecurity underwent reconstructive surgery. Follow-up rates in massive burns were higher than reported for smaller TBSA burns and more than half received reconstructive surgery. Housing-insecure patients should be targeted for improved follow-up and access to reconstructive surgery.