Social Cognitive Predictors of Health Promotion Self-Efficacy Among Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH American Journal of Health Promotion Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-30 DOI:10.1177/08901171241256703
Michelle C Yang, Gurkaran Singh, Brodie M Sakakibara
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Abstract

Purpose: To examine the relative importance of social cognitive predictors (ie, performance accomplishment, vicarious learning, verbal persuasion, affective state) on health promotion self-efficacy among older adults during COVID-19.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Data collected online from participants in British Columbia (BC), Canada.

Subjects: Seventy-five adults (n = 75) aged ≥65 years.

Measures: Health promotion self-efficacy was measured using the Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale. Performance accomplishment was assessed using the health directed behavior subscale of the Health Education Impact Questionnaire; vicarious learning was measured using the positive social interaction subscale of the Medical Outcomes Survey - Social Support Scale (MOS-SSS); verbal persuasion was assessed using the informational support subscale from the MOS-SSS; and affective state was assessed using the depression subscale from the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21).

Analysis: Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the relative importance of each social cognitive predictor on self-efficacy, after controlling for age.

Results: Our analyses revealed statistically significant associations between self-efficacy and performance accomplishment (health-directed behavior; β = .20), verbal persuasion (informational support; β = .41), and affective state (depressive symptoms; β = -.44) at P < .05. Vicarious learning (β = -.15) did not significantly predict self-efficacy. The model was statistically significant (P < .001) explaining 43% of the self-efficacy variance.

Conclusion: Performance accomplishment experiences, verbal persuasion strategies, and affective states may be the target of interventions to modify health promotion self-efficacy among older adults, in environments that require physical and social distancing.

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COVID-19 大流行期间老年人健康促进自我效能的社会认知预测因素。
目的:在 COVID-19 期间,研究社会认知预测因素(即绩效成就、替代学习、口头劝说、情感状态)对老年人健康促进自我效能的相对重要性:设计:横断面:数据:从加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省(BC 省)的参与者处在线收集:75名年龄≥65岁的成年人(n = 75):健康促进自我效能采用健康实践能力自评量表进行测量。使用健康教育影响问卷的健康指导行为分量表评估表现成就;使用医疗结果调查--社会支持量表(MOS-SSS)的积极社会互动分量表评估替代学习;使用MOS-SSS的信息支持分量表评估口头说服;使用抑郁焦虑压力量表(DASS-21)的抑郁分量表评估情感状态:分析:在对年龄进行控制后,我们使用多元线性回归来研究每个社会认知预测因子对自我效能感的相对重要性:我们的分析表明,自我效能感与表现成就(健康导向行为;β = .20)、口头劝说(信息支持;β = .41)和情感状态(抑郁症状;β = -.44)之间存在统计学意义上的显著关联,且 P < .05。模仿学习(β = -.15)对自我效能感的预测作用不显著。该模型对 43% 的自我效能感变异的解释具有统计学意义(P < .001):结论:在需要拉开身体和社会距离的环境中,绩效成就体验、口头说服策略和情感状态可以作为干预措施的目标,以改变老年人的健康促进自我效能感。
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来源期刊
American Journal of Health Promotion
American Journal of Health Promotion PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
3.70%
发文量
184
期刊介绍: The editorial goal of the American Journal of Health Promotion is to provide a forum for exchange among the many disciplines involved in health promotion and an interface between researchers and practitioners.
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