American Journal of Health Promotion最新文献

Purpose: To examine the association between U.S. adult cancer information seekers' comprehension level and preventable cancer risk factors.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis.

Setting: Health Information National Trends Survey-6, 2022.

Subjects: 2,453 cancer information seekers.

Measures: Four cancer risk factors were dichotomized: cigarette smoking (have smoked ≥100 cigarettes and currently smoke every day/some days); experiencing sunburn (≥1 times/past 12 months); being overweight/obese (≥25 body mass index [kg/m²]); and binge drinking (≥5 [male] or ≥4 [female] alcoholic drinks on one occasion/past 30 days). Individuals who reported that cancer information was hard to understand were considered having comprehension difficulties.

Analysis: Binomial and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association of cancer information comprehension level with individual and cumulative cancer risk factors, adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, age, annual household income, education level, metropolitan status, depressed mood, and cancer diagnosis history.

Results: Cancer information seekers with comprehension difficulties had higher odds of binge drinking (aOR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.12, 2.46), being overweight/obese (aOR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.96), and experiencing sunburn (aOR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.23, 2.11), as well as having ≥3 (aOR: 3.38, 95% CI: 1.87, 6.09) cancer risk factors concurrently than cancer information seekers without comprehension difficulties.

Conclusion: Dissemination of easy-to-understand cancer information would help better prevent cancer risk factors for cancer information seekers with comprehension difficulties.

In 2025 the changes in national leadership cast a surprising light and ineffable shadows on America's race, gender and class dynamics. Unexpectedly, women and people of color did not vote as a monolithic force in favor of one side or another of culture wars. In the health promotion discipline alarms are being sounded that America's new political leadership will use their newfound popularity among a wider constituency to question the integrity of public health and challenge the value of science writ large. This editorial argues that neither retreating from nor resisting expected changes to public health policies will be as effective as walking into the shadows and looking carefully for common ground. The three opportunities with the best chances for seeking compromise in polarized communities relate to personalized lifestyle medicine, repackaging diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) initiatives and policy advocacy for health literacy in the digital age.

Purpose: Health care providers (HCP) are uniquely positioned to advise against electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use, potentially influencing youth perceptions of e-cigarette harms. However, research examining these associations is scant. We examined whether HCP e-cigarette-related advice is associated with youth e-cigarette harm perceptions.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: National Youth Tobacco Survey data (2022).

Subjects: 21,254 youth aged 9-18 years.

Measures: E-cigarette harm perceptions (i.e., relative addictiveness, occasional use harm, and secondhand e-cigarette aerosol (SHA) harm) and HCP advice to abstain from using e-cigarettes (yes/no) were assessed.

Analysis: Adjusted odds ratios were estimated using multinomial logistic regression models.

Results: Among the sample, 33.9% perceived e-cigarettes as equally addictive to cigarettes, 39.9% perceived occasional e-cigarette use to cause a lot of harm, and 23.3% perceived SHA to cause a lot of harm. Youth who received HCP advice had higher odds of perceiving e-cigarettes as more addictive than cigarettes (OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.35-2.00) and causing a lot of harm (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.16-1.90). Youth who received HCP advice had higher odds of perceiving SHA causing little harm (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.04-1.44).

Conclusion: HCP advice was associated with youth e-cigarette harm perceptions and perceptions that SHA causes little harm. HCP e-cigarette counseling may help inform understanding of harms, which may reduce or prevent use.

Purpose: To determine the acceptability and impact of an online, lifestyle-based mental well-being initiative in a school-based setting.

Approach: A post-program evaluation survey was administered after the intervention.

Setting: Fifty-seven New York State school districts.

Participants: Participating school districts invited all employees and community members to register for the intervention. A total of 4083 individuals participated, with 1060 (26%) responding to the post-program survey.

Intervention: The 7-week intervention (The Lift Project) incorporated strategies from lifestyle medicine, positive psychology and neuroscience literature. The ten lessons included online, video-based content and related experiential learning exercises.

Methods: The post-program survey included Likert items that evaluated the participants' perceived program acceptability, mental health enhancement, self-efficacy, and skill acquisition. Inductive thematic qualitative analysis assessed the participants' likes and dislikes concerning the initiative.

Results: A high percentage of respondents indicated that the program improved their well-being (85%), enhanced their well-being-related self-efficacy (92%), and provided them with skills for supporting their long-term mental well-being (82%). Respondents liked the evidence-based, engaging content and design elements and the focus on personal well-being, community connection, and practical applicability. Some respondents desired more social connection, disliked certain design elements, lacked time and experienced technical issues.

Conclusion: The initiative was acceptable and impactful, indicating that school districts may serve as an effective network for addressing the mental health epidemic.

In 2022, an interdisciplinary team of subject matter experts was convened to substantially revise the Mass Media sector content of the National Physical Activity Plan. The updated version recognizes the rapid pace at which the media landscape is evolving and includes a new sector name (Media and Communications) and revised strategies and tactics that reflect progress in the development of a national physical activity campaign brand (Move Your Way ®). This commentary summarizes key changes and highlights the importance of ongoing collaboration between physical activity and media professionals to optimize promotion of physical activity through diverse channels.

Purpose: To understand the distribution of healthy and unhealthy food stores and restaurants around historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) in South Carolina.

Design: DatabaseUSA and ArcGIS Pro were used to identify, classify, and map food stores and restaurants near each HBCU.

Setting: The study area included a 3-mile buffer radius around the eight South Carolina HBCUs.

Subjects: A total of 654 food stores and restaurants were identified within a 3-mile radius of the HBCUs.

Measures: Demographic data for each HBCU was collected from the National Center for Education Statistics. The food stores and restaurants were identified using Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes and descriptions, and they were classified using previous research methodologies.

Results: Based on the analysis, 19 (2.9%), 237 (36.2%), and 398 locations (60.9%) were classified as healthy, intermediate, and unhealthy, respectively. Within a 0.5-mile radius of the HBCUs, there were no retail food stores classified as healthy, followed by 14 (2.1%) and 23 (3.5%) retail food stores and restaurants that were classified as intermediate and unhealthy, respectively.

Conclusions: This study shows that most food options around South Carolina HBCUs are unhealthy and that few places are available to purchase healthy food. Eating well will be difficult in the current food environment. Increasing healthy options should be part of a comprehensive approach to promoting good nutrition.

Purpose: To investigate relationship between depression and handgrip strength (HGS) and appendicular lean mass (ALM) in Young and middle-aged adults.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Data from participants aged 20-59 from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Sample: In a study of 4927 middle-aged Americans, 2564 (52.30%) were men and 2363 (47.7%) were women, with an average age of 38.57 ± 11.72. Among this group, 716 individuals (14.53%) experienced mild depression, while 385 individuals (7.81%) suffered from moderate to severe depression.

Measures: Data of HGS and ALM were collected by handgrip test, and whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Linear and logistic regression, restricted cubic spline regression analyses and subgroup analysis were conducted to evaluate the association.

Results: Following multivariate logistic regression analysis, the study showed that a 1-point increase in the depression score was associated with a 4% increase in the probability of reduced grip strength for both males (95% CI: 1.01-1.07) and females (95% CI: 1.01-1.06). Additionally, for males, there was a 5% increase in the likelihood of decreased muscle mass (95% CI: 1.01-1.09), whereas the decline in muscle mass for females did not exhibit statistical significance. Subgroup analysis indicated that the inverse relationship between depression and grip strength, along with the negative association between depression and muscle mass among males, remained consistent in the 40-59 age range.

Conclusion: This research revealed an inverse relationship between depression and grip strength in middle-aged and young individuals, and a negative association between depression and ALM was only noted in males. Early intervention could be beneficial from age 40.

Purpose: Though urban-rural disparities in COVID-19 vaccination coverage was documented at a point of time, little is known on the evolution of vaccination uptake over time. This study, using individual level time-to-event data, intend to assess the differences in monthly progression of vaccination uptake among U.S. adults by urban/rural residence.

Design: Survival analysis.

Setting: Urban and rural areas in 29 U.S. states.

Subjects: 135,969 adults aged 18+ years.

Measures: Time (in months) to receive the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Emergency Use Authorization of Pfizer-BioNTech- and Moderna- COVID-19 Vaccine in December 2020.

Analysis: Kaplan-Meier survivor functions and stratified Cox proportional hazard models were estimated for the event of being vaccinated by urban/rural residence for 25 months starting from December 2020. Monthly survival probabilities for urban- and rural- adults were further assessed within certain demographic and socioeconomic groups.

Results: We found a gradual divergence of COVID-19 vaccination uptake in favor of urban adults, which was robust across sex, age groups, race and ethnicity, education, and income levels. In April 2021, after vaccine eligibility was expanded, 42.2% adults in urban and 53.3% adults in rural areas were unvaccinated. While only 19.3% urban adults remained unvaccinated in December 2022, this rate was 32.5% among rural adults. Compared to their urban counterparts, rural adults were 0.77 (95% CI: 0.76 - 0.79) times as likely to receive the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine.

Conclusions: Time-to-event analysis of vaccination against COVID-19 indicated a lower uptake among rural adults, which was persistent across different demographic and socioeconomic groups.