Cosmic Ray Jump Detection for the Roman Wide Field Instrument

IF 3.3 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific Pub Date : 2024-05-30 DOI:10.1088/1538-3873/ad4b9e
Sanjib Sharma and Stefano Casertano
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Abstract

We investigate algorithms for detecting and correcting for jumps due to cosmic rays in infrared detectors, with emphasis on Roman telescope’s Wide Field Instrument. We use a statistic S based on the excess difference between adjacent resultants (average over a group of reads) normalized to the square root of the expected variance that accommodates the uneven resultants of Roman. We show that it is important to account for the covariance of excess difference with that of the estimated count rate. Due to averaging of reads, the ability to detect jumps is reduced, specially if the jump is in the first or the last resultant. Having the first and last resultants as a single-read resultants improves the ability to detect cosmic rays. The signal due to a jump is split across two resultant differences and this motivates small adjustments to the basic algorithm which improves the jump detection. Bias and false negative rate are investigated using Monte Carlo simulations for a few readout patterns. In order to investigate other scenarios approximate formulas for predicting the bias and the misclassification rate are presented. Using cosmic ray properties based on JWST darks, we show that for high count rates (1000 e−1 s−1) most of the cosmic rays remain undetected, with 65% missed identifications. When averaging over multiple exposures, due to low event rates of cosmic rays, the overall bias in estimated count rate due to undetected cosmic rays is negligible. However, for a single exposure with an undetected cosmic ray, one can have a bias of a few percent. This will manifest as abrupt changes in brightness of targets. Fortunately, the bias ranges between 1 and 5 the measurement uncertainty, and this fact can be used to screen out cosmic rays for scientific applications that seek to detect short duration time domain events.
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罗曼广域仪器的宇宙射线跃迁探测
我们以罗曼望远镜的宽视场仪器为重点,研究了在红外探测器中探测和校正宇宙射线引起的跳变的算法。我们使用的统计量 S 基于相邻结果之间的超差(一组读数的平均值),归一化为预期方差的平方根,以适应 Roman 不均匀的结果。我们发现,考虑超差与估计计数率的协方差非常重要。由于读数的平均化,检测跳跃的能力会降低,特别是当跳跃发生在第一个或最后一个结果中时。将第一个和最后一个结果作为单读数结果可以提高探测宇宙射线的能力。跃迁产生的信号被两个结果差分开,这促使对基本算法进行微小调整,从而提高了跃迁检测能力。针对一些读出模式,使用蒙特卡罗模拟对偏差和假阴性率进行了研究。为了研究其他情况,还提出了预测偏差和误判率的近似公式。利用基于 JWST 暗的宇宙射线特性,我们发现在高计数率(1000 e-1 s-1)条件下,大部分宇宙射线仍未被检测到,漏检率高达 65%。由于宇宙射线的事件发生率较低,在对多次曝光进行平均时,未检测到的宇宙射线导致的估计计数率总体偏差可以忽略不计。然而,对于未检测到宇宙射线的单次曝光,偏差可能会达到百分之几。这将表现为目标亮度的突然变化。幸运的是,偏差范围在测量不确定性的 1 到 5 之间,这一事实可用于筛选出宇宙射线,以用于探测短时域事件的科学应用。
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来源期刊
Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 地学天文-天文与天体物理
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
5.70%
发文量
103
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (PASP), the technical journal of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP), has been published regularly since 1889, and is an integral part of the ASP''s mission to advance the science of astronomy and disseminate astronomical information. The journal provides an outlet for astronomical results of a scientific nature and serves to keep readers in touch with current astronomical research. It contains refereed research and instrumentation articles, invited and contributed reviews, tutorials, and dissertation summaries.
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