Acidic Influence on Geopolymerization: A Thorough Study Using HCl and Iraqi Kaolin

IF 0.6 4区 化学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI:10.1134/s1070427224010105
Tuqa A. Jabar, Mohammed A. Alzuhairi, Mayyadah S. Abed
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Abstract

Recent advances have drawn the attention of many researchers in the creation of innovative catalysts that are not only effective but also cost-effective and ecologically benign. The large similarity between the geopolymers and zeolitic materials makes geopolymers suitable for catalytic applications. This research works on preparing geopolymer catalysts utilizing two different types of Iraqi kaolin (white and red kaolin) with six different mixes. Additionally, the hydrochloric acid (2M) treatment was conducted on the geopolymer base kaolin to increase surface area, and catalytic activity (improving the adsorption capacity) makes geopolymer more suitable for catalyst applications. The characterization of the geopolymer involved techniques such as XRD, XRF, FTIR, and BET. FTIR results showed changes in OH group structures (increase Brønsted & Lewis acid sites) essential for catalyst applications. XRD results indicated the presence of zeolite and Annite-phase along with amorphous phases. BET analysis of large increased surface area and pore size in acid-treated geopolymers. This research suggests the potential for improving inexpensive geopolymer catalysts, opening the door to cost-effective, sustainable, and high-performance catalysts for use in industries requiring porous materials and heavy oil processing, and paving the way for a greener and more environmentally conscious future.

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酸性物质对土工聚合的影响:使用盐酸和伊拉克高岭土进行的深入研究
摘要最近的研究进展吸引了许多研究人员的注意力,他们致力于创造不仅有效,而且成本效益高、对生态无害的创新催化剂。土工聚合物与沸石材料之间的巨大相似性使得土工聚合物适用于催化应用。本研究利用两种不同类型的伊拉克高岭土(白高岭土和红高岭土)和六种不同的混合物制备土工聚合物催化剂。此外,还对土工聚合物基质高岭土进行了盐酸(2M)处理,以增加表面积和催化活性(提高吸附能力),从而使土工聚合物更适合催化剂应用。土工聚合物的表征涉及 XRD、XRF、FTIR 和 BET 等技术。傅立叶变换红外光谱结果表明,OH 基团结构发生了变化(增加了布氏和路易斯酸位点),这对催化剂的应用至关重要。XRD 结果表明,沸石和褐铁矿相以及无定形相的存在。BET 分析显示,经酸处理的土工聚合物的表面积和孔径均有大幅增加。这项研究为改进廉价的土工聚合物催化剂提供了可能,为需要多孔材料和重油加工的行业提供了具有成本效益、可持续发展和高性能的催化剂,并为实现更加绿色和环保的未来铺平了道路。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
11.10%
发文量
63
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry (Zhurnal prikladnoi khimii) was founded in 1928. It covers all application problems of modern chemistry, including the structure of inorganic and organic compounds, kinetics and mechanisms of chemical reactions, problems of chemical processes and apparatus, borderline problems of chemistry, and applied research.
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