A biogeochemical model of acidification: MAGIC is alive and well

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-05-27 DOI:10.1111/1440-1703.12487

Magnus D. Norling, Øyvind Kaste, Richard F. Wright

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Abstract

For 40 years, Model of Acidification of Groundwater In Catchments (MAGIC) has been used to simulate the acidification of soils and waters due to acid deposition. The original model (MAGIC v8) has now been updated and re‐implemented in the C++ Mobius platform and is available as open source. MAGIC‐Forest includes new modules describing hydrology, forest growth, and soil carbon. The Mobius platform facilitates automatic optimization of calibrated parameters and multipoint calibrations using Monte‐Carlo routines. The usefulness of MAGIC is demonstrated here by application to the 50‐year data series for deposition and runoff at Birkenes, a small, calibrated catchment in southern Norway. Acid deposition has declined dramatically at Birkenes since the peak in the 1970s. Sulfate is 90% lower. Stream water has recovered strongly. Decreased concentrations of sulfate have led to increased acid‐neutralizing capacity, pH, and reduced concentrations of toxic aluminum. These changes are well‐simulated by MAGIC. The sulfate control on organic carbon solubility added as part of MAGIC‐Forest improves the simulations. The MAGIC‐Forest modeling tool is now available for applications to scenarios of land‐use and climate change.

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酸化的生物地球化学模型：MAGIC 模型生机勃勃

40 年来，"集水区地下水酸化模型"（MAGIC）一直被用于模拟酸沉积造成的土壤和水体酸化。最初的模型（MAGIC v8）现已更新，并在 C++ Mobius 平台上重新实现，并以开放源代码的形式提供。MAGIC-Forest 包括描述水文、森林生长和土壤碳的新模块。Mobius 平台便于自动优化校准参数和使用蒙特卡洛例程进行多点校准。MAGIC 的实用性在此通过应用挪威南部一个小型校准集水区 Birkenes 的 50 年沉积和径流数据系列得到了证明。自 20 世纪 70 年代达到峰值以来，比尔克内斯的酸沉积物已大幅减少。硫酸盐含量降低了 90%。溪水也得到了有力的恢复。硫酸盐浓度的降低导致酸中和能力、pH 值和有毒铝浓度的增加。MAGIC 可以很好地模拟这些变化。作为 MAGIC-Forest 的一部分，硫酸盐对有机碳溶解度的控制改善了模拟效果。MAGIC-Forest 建模工具现可应用于土地利用和气候变化情景。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.