Toxicity Evaluation of Water and Pore Water from a Pilot-Scale Pit Lake in the Alberta Oil Sands Region to Daphnia Species

IF 3.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-06-02 DOI:10.1007/s00244-024-01071-z
Catherine Estefany Davila-Arenas, Lorne Doig, Xiaowen Ji, Banamali Panigrahi, Immanuela Ezugba, Karsten Liber
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Abstract

Significant amounts of tailings and oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) are generated by bitumen extraction in the Alberta Oil Sands region. These by-products are potentially toxic to aquatic organisms and require remediation. The study site was Lake Miwasin, a pilot-scale pit lake integrated into broader reclamation efforts. It consists of treated tailings overlaid with blended OSPW and freshwater, exhibiting meromictic conditions and harboring aquatic communities. This study assessed the potential toxicity of Lake Miwasin surface water (LMW) and pore water (LMP) using saline-acclimated Cladocera, including lab strains of Daphnia magna and Daphnia pulex and native Daphnia species collected in brackish Humboldt Lake (HL) and Lake Miwasin (LM). The pore water evaluation was used to represent a worst-case water quality scenario during pond stratification. Additionally, the inclusion of native organisms incorporated site-specific adaptations and regional sensitivity into the toxicity evaluation. Our results showed that LMW did not display acute or chronic toxicity to lab species and native Daphnia sp. (HL). Conversely, LMP was acutely toxic to both lab species and native D. pulex (LM). In chronic tests (12 days exposure), LMP negatively affected reproduction in D. pulex (lab), with reductions in the number of offspring. Limited ability to acclimated organisms to the high salinity levels of LMP resulted in a shortened exposure duration for the chronic toxicity test. In addition to salinity being identified as a stressor in LMP, toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) phase I findings demonstrated that the observed toxicity for D. magna (lab) and D. pulex (LM, native) might be attributed to ammonia and metals in LMP. Further investigations are required to confirm the contributions of these stressors to LMP toxicity.

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阿尔伯塔油砂地区试点规模坑湖水和孔隙水对水蚤物种的毒性评估。
阿尔伯塔油砂地区的沥青开采会产生大量尾矿和受油砂加工影响的水(OSPW)。这些副产品对水生生物具有潜在毒性,需要进行补救。研究地点是米瓦辛湖,这是一个试点规模的矿坑湖,被纳入了更广泛的再生工作中。该湖由经过处理的尾矿与混合的 OSPW 和淡水组成,呈现兼性条件,并孕育着水生生物群落。本研究使用盐水适应性桡足类水蚤(包括大型水蚤和水蚤实验室菌株)以及在咸水洪堡湖(HL)和米瓦辛湖(LM)收集的本地水蚤物种,评估了米瓦辛湖地表水(LMW)和孔隙水(LMP)的潜在毒性。孔隙水评估用于代表池塘分层过程中最糟糕的水质情况。此外,在毒性评估中还纳入了本地生物,并考虑了特定地点的适应性和区域敏感性。我们的结果表明,LMW 对实验室物种和本地水蚤(HL)没有显示出急性或慢性毒性。相反,LMP 对实验室物种和本地水蚤都有急性毒性(LM)。在慢性试验(接触 12 天)中,LMP 对水蚤(实验室)的繁殖有负面影响,后代数量减少。生物适应 LMP 高盐度水平的能力有限,导致慢性毒性试验的接触时间缩短。除了盐度被确定为 LMP 中的应激源外,毒性鉴定评估(TIE)第一阶段的研究结果表明,观察到的大型鲤科鱼(实验室)和草鱼(LM,本地)的毒性可能归因于 LMP 中的氨和金属。要确认这些应激源对 LMP 毒性的影响,还需要进一步的调查。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
2.50%
发文量
63
审稿时长
8-16 weeks
期刊介绍: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology provides a place for the publication of timely, detailed, and definitive scientific studies pertaining to the source, transport, fate and / or effects of contaminants in the environment. The journal will consider submissions dealing with new analytical and toxicological techniques that advance our understanding of the source, transport, fate and / or effects of contaminants in the environment. AECT will now consider mini-reviews (where length including references is less than 5,000 words), which highlight case studies, a geographic topic of interest, or a timely subject of debate. AECT will also consider Special Issues on subjects of broad interest. The journal strongly encourages authors to ensure that their submission places a strong emphasis on ecosystem processes; submissions limited to technical aspects of such areas as toxicity testing for single chemicals, wastewater effluent characterization, human occupation exposure, or agricultural phytotoxicity are unlikely to be considered.
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