Effect of the Electrode Extension on the Geometry of Parts Made of 316LSi Steel by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Method (WAAM)

Przemysław Połaski, D. Golański, P. Kołodziejczak, Anna Pakuła
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Abstract

Intensive research is currently being conducted on wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) processes. Previous studies have demonstrated the impact of current parameters on altering the structure and properties of 316L stain - less steel. However, there is a lack of comprehensive information in the literature regarding the influence of elec - trode extension length (contact to tube distance) on changes in the structure and geometry of parts made of 316L steel using the cold metal transfer (CMT) method. This parameter was often assumed to be constant in research experiments. The study aimed to determine how the length of the electrode extension affects the geometric prop - erties of steel walls produced in the WAAM CMT additive manufacturing process. The experiment used 316LSi stainless steel to build 3D structures in the shape of straight walls. The chosen shape of the parts yielded the most benefits for preparing samples from the resulting structures for destructive testing. The research demonstrated that the length of the electrode extension is a crucial parameter in the additive manufacturing process of structures using the WAAM method. Modifying the electrode extension length in the WAAM process with a CMT machine impacts the bead geometry and, consequently, the overall model geometry. A 6 mm increase in the electrode exten - sion length resulted in a model that was over 8 mm taller, despite using the same number of layers.
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电极延伸对线弧快速成型法(WAAM)制造的 316LSi 钢零件几何形状的影响
目前正在对线弧快速成型(WAAM)工艺进行深入研究。之前的研究已经证明了电流参数对改变 316L 染色钢结构和性能的影响。然而,关于电极延伸长度(接触到管子的距离)对使用冷金属转移(CMT)方法制造的 316L 钢零件结构和几何形状变化的影响,文献中缺乏全面的信息。在研究实验中,该参数通常被假定为常数。本研究旨在确定电极延伸长度如何影响 WAAM CMT 增材制造工艺生产的钢壁的几何属性。实验使用 316LSi 不锈钢制作直壁形状的三维结构。所选择的部件形状最有利于从所产生的结构中制备样品进行破坏性测试。研究表明,在使用 WAAM 方法进行结构增材制造的过程中,电极延伸长度是一个关键参数。在使用 CMT 机器的 WAAM 工艺中修改电极延伸长度会影响珠状物的几何形状,进而影响整个模型的几何形状。在使用相同层数的情况下,电极延伸长度增加 6 毫米后,模型高度增加了 8 毫米以上。
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