Optimal coordination of directional over current relays for distribution systems using hybrid GWO-CSA

Arathi Pothakanahalli Bhemasenarao, S. C. Byalihal
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Abstract

Coordination of protective relays is a critical aspect of electrical distribution systems, ensuring effective and reliable protection against faults. In modern power systems, the integration of distributed generation (DG) sources adds complexity to the coordination task. The dynamic nature of DG systems requires adaptive relay settings that can swiftly detect and isolate faults while minimizing potential damage and downtime. The purpose of this research is to improve the coordination of directional over current relays in electrical distribution systems, particularly in DG systems. An optimization technique combining the grey wolf optimization (GWO) and cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) is developed to identify the best relay settings that reduce overall operation time while ensuring excellent fault identification and isolation. To address relay faults caused by DG integration, a suitable primary and backup relay design is chosen, and the influence of time multiplier settings (TMS) on system performance and reliability is investigated. The proposed GWO-CSA technique is evaluated and implemented on IEEE 3, 8 and 15-bus systems using MATLAB. Simulation results show that the GWO-CSA strategy outperforms well compared to previous algorithms, enabling optimal coordination and increased protection in DG systems while drastically lowering relay operating time.
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利用混合 GWO-CSA 实现配电系统定向过流继电器的优化协调
继电保护装置的协调是配电系统的一个关键环节,可确保提供有效、可靠的故障保护。在现代电力系统中,分布式发电 (DG) 源的集成增加了协调任务的复杂性。DG 系统的动态特性要求继电器设置具有自适应能力,既能迅速检测和隔离故障,又能最大限度地减少潜在的损坏和停机时间。本研究的目的是改善配电系统,尤其是 DG 系统中定向过流继电器的协调。研究开发了一种结合灰狼优化算法(GWO)和布谷鸟搜索算法(CSA)的优化技术,以确定最佳继电器设置,从而在确保出色的故障识别和隔离的同时,缩短整体运行时间。为解决 DG 集成引起的继电器故障,选择了合适的主继电器和备用继电器设计,并研究了时间乘数设置 (TMS) 对系统性能和可靠性的影响。使用 MATLAB 在 IEEE 3、8 和 15 总线系统上评估和实施了所提出的 GWO-CSA 技术。仿真结果表明,与之前的算法相比,GWO-CSA 策略表现出色,在大幅缩短继电器工作时间的同时,实现了 DG 系统的优化协调和增强保护。
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