Association between drinking water sources and cognitive functioning in Chinese older adults residing in rural areas

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI:10.1002/gps.6110

Jing Du, Ling Yang, Ying Duan, Yan Cui, Qi Qi, Zihao Liu, Huaqing Liu

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Abstract

Objectives

To explore the association between drinking water sources and cognitive functioning among older adults residing in rural China.

Methods

Data were extracted from the 2008–2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Drinking water sources were categorized according to whether purification measures were employed. The Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination was used for cognitive functioning assessment, and the score of <24 was considered as having cognitive dysfunction. Cox regression analyses were conducted to derive hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the effects of various drinking water sources, changes in such sources, and its interaction with exercise on cognition dysfunction.

Results

We included 2304 respondents aged 79.67 ± 10.02 years; of them, 1084 (44.49%) were men. Our adjusted model revealed that respondents consistently drinking tap water were 21% less likely to experience cognitive dysfunction compared with those drinking untreated water (HR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.70–0.90). Respondents transitioning from natural to tap water showed were 33% less likely to experience cognitive dysfunction (HR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.58–0.78). Moreover, the HR (95% CI) for the interaction between drinking tap water and exercising was 0.86 (0.75–1.00) when compared with that between drinking untreated water and not exercising. All results adjusted for age, occupation, exercise, and body mass index.

Conclusions

Prolonged tap water consumption and switching from untreated water to tap water were associated with a decreased risk of cognitive dysfunction in older individuals. Additionally, exercising and drinking tap water was synergistically associated with the low incidence of cognitive dysfunction. These findings demonstrate the importance of prioritizing drinking water health in rural areas, indicating that purified tap water can enhance cognitive function among older adults.

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中国农村老年人饮用水源与认知功能之间的关系

目的：探讨饮用水源与中国农村老年人认知功能之间的关系：探讨饮用水源与中国农村老年人认知功能之间的关系：数据来自 2008-2018 年中国健康长寿纵向调查。根据是否采用净化措施对饮用水源进行分类。结果：我们纳入了 2304 名 79 岁的受访者：我们纳入了 2304 名受访者，年龄为 79.67 ± 10.02 岁，其中 1084 人（44.49%）为男性。我们的调整模型显示，与饮用未经处理的水的受访者相比，持续饮用自来水的受访者出现认知功能障碍的可能性降低了 21%（HR = 0.79，95% CI：0.70-0.90）。从天然水过渡到自来水的受访者出现认知功能障碍的可能性降低了 33%（HR = 0.67，95% CI：0.58-0.78）。此外，与饮用未经处理的水和不运动之间的交互作用相比，饮用自来水和运动之间的交互作用的 HR（95% CI）为 0.86（0.75-1.00）。所有结果都对年龄、职业、运动和体重指数进行了调整：结论：长期饮用自来水和将未经处理的水换成自来水与老年人认知功能障碍风险的降低有关。此外，运动和饮用自来水与认知功能障碍的低发生率有协同作用。这些研究结果表明了农村地区优先考虑饮用水健康的重要性，同时也表明净化自来水可以增强老年人的认知功能。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

2.50%

发文量

168

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The rapidly increasing world population of aged people has led to a growing need to focus attention on the problems of mental disorder in late life. The aim of the Journal is to communicate the results of original research in the causes, treatment and care of all forms of mental disorder which affect the elderly. The Journal is of interest to psychiatrists, psychologists, social scientists, nurses and others engaged in therapeutic professions, together with general neurobiological researchers. The Journal provides an international perspective on the important issue of geriatric psychiatry, and contributions are published from countries throughout the world. Topics covered include epidemiology of mental disorders in old age, clinical aetiological research, post-mortem pathological and neurochemical studies, treatment trials and evaluation of geriatric psychiatry services.