The Effectiveness of Remediation Agents for Detoxification of Heavy-Metal-Contaminated Soils according to Experimental Results

Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI:10.3103/s0147687424700029

E. I. Kovaleva, P. M. Perebasova, D. A. Avdulov, D. V. Ladonin, S. Ya. Trofimov

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Abstract

The effectiveness of remediation agents in detoxification of soils contaminated with heavy metals is studied in a laboratory experiment. The objects of the study are southern tundra soils functioning under conditions of anthropogenic impacts: haplic gleysols gelic and histic fluvisols oxyaquic. The chemical ability of remediation agents to bind metals (Ni and Cu), transferring them to a sedentary state compared to the reference variants (without adding a remediation agent), is evaluated. In the experiments, remediation agents are used in three doses (D1–D3): carbonaceous (shungite), of biological origin (diatomite), and mineral remediation agents (glauconite and bentonite). To assess the immobilization of Ni and Cu in soils, acid-soluble (AS) forms (extraction of 1 N HNO₃), mobile forms (ammonium acetate buffer with pH 4.8), and water-soluble forms of Ni and Cu (1 : 20 aqueous extract) are determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The effectiveness of soil detoxification during the application of remediation agents is evaluated by the phytotoxic effect in an express test, a response of standardized test plants (Brassica rapa CrGC and Avena sativa) represented by higher plants. A decrease in the proportion of mobile forms of Ni and Cu by 50% or more in haplic gleysols gelic is revealed when any dose of remediation agents is added. The greatest effect of reducing mobility is exerted by shungite and diatomite at a dose of D1, up to 15% Ni and Cu in histic fluvisols oxyaquic. The use of the selected remediation agents in the indicated amounts did not have a phytotoxic effect on the test plants in the experiment.

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根据实验结果确定修复剂对重金属污染土壤的解毒效果

摘要在实验室实验中研究了修复剂对重金属污染土壤的解毒效果。研究对象是在人为影响条件下发挥作用的南部苔原土壤：haplic gleysols gelic 和 histic fluvisols oxyaquic。与参考变体（未添加修复剂）相比，评估了修复剂结合金属（镍和铜）并将其转移到静止状态的化学能力。在实验中，使用了三种剂量（D1-D3）的修复剂：碳质修复剂（绿泥石）、生物修复剂（硅藻土）和矿物修复剂（青石棉和膨润土）。为了评估镍和铜在土壤中的固定情况，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定了镍和铜的酸溶（AS）形式（1 N HNO3 萃取）、移动形式（pH 值为 4.8 的醋酸铵缓冲液）和水溶形式（1:20 水提取物）。在施用修复剂的过程中，土壤解毒的效果是通过植物毒性效应来评估的，植物毒性效应是以高等植物为代表的标准化测试植物（Brassica rapa CrGC 和 Avena sativa）的反应。当添加任何剂量的修复剂时，都会发现镍和铜在合生胶凝胶中的移动形式比例降低了 50%或更多。剂量为 D1 的绿泥石和硅藻土对降低流动性的作用最大，在氧桔皮酚中，镍和铜的含量最高可达 15%。在实验中，按指定剂量使用选定的修复剂不会对测试植物产生植物毒性影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin

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