Multi-objective optimization of glass/carbon hybrid composites for small wind turbine blades using extreme mixture design response surface methodology

IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES Functional Composites and Structures Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI:10.1088/2631-6331/ad45a7
Suhaib Mohammed and Raghuram L Naik
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Abstract

Small wind turbines (SWTs) are a prominent renewable energy technology for decentralized power generation. Blade material and its profile are vital parameters for the aerodynamic performance of SWTs. Traditionally E-glass fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) are the widely accepted material for developing SWT blades. However, its application is limited by moderate tensile and fatigue properties. Alternatively, other FRC materials such as carbon, basalt and natural fiber composites are proposed as future materials for SWT blades. However, individual materials are observed to satisfy the requirements partially. Therefore, the hybridization of these materials, particularly Glass/Carbon composites is foreseen as a prospective solution for developing cost-competitive and high-strength SWT blades. There are various studies performed to obtain optimized glass/carbon hybrid composites. However, overall material properties required for SWT blades such as low cost, lightweight, moderate flexural strength and higher tensile and fatigue strengths have not been considered simultaneously during the optimization process. This work presents multi-objective optimization of Glass/Carbon hybrid composites using extreme mixture design response surface methodology (RSM) for SWT applications. The weight percentages of glass and carbon fibers are optimized to achieve desired material properties for SWT blades. The experiments are planned using extreme mixture design RSM and the regression models for desired material properties are developed with a 95% confidence level. RSM-based desirability function is employed to perform multi-objective optimization. Maximum composite desirability of 93.5% is achieved with optimal proportions of 37.9% and 27.1% for glass and carbon fibers respectively. An adequate tensile, flexural and fatigue strengths of 486.02, 435.41 and 316.27 MPa respectively are obtained for optimized glass/carbon hybrid composite at an optimum cost of 2228.76 Rs Kg−1 and density of 3.39 g cm−3. The regression models and optimization results are validated through a confirmation experiment with an error of less than 6.1%.
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利用极端混合物设计响应面方法对用于小型风力涡轮机叶片的玻璃/碳混合复合材料进行多目标优化
小型风力涡轮机(SWT)是一种用于分散式发电的重要可再生能源技术。叶片材料及其轮廓是影响小型风力涡轮机空气动力性能的重要参数。传统上,玻璃纤维增强复合材料(FRC)是开发小型风力涡轮机叶片的公认材料。然而,由于其拉伸和疲劳性能一般,其应用受到限制。此外,其他 FRC 材料(如碳纤维、玄武岩纤维和天然纤维复合材料)也被提议作为未来 SWT 叶片的材料。然而,单种材料只能满足部分要求。因此,这些材料的混合,尤其是玻璃/碳复合材料的混合,被认为是开发具有成本竞争力的高强度 SWT 叶片的一种前瞻性解决方案。为了获得最佳的玻璃/碳混合复合材料,已经进行了各种研究。然而,在优化过程中,并没有同时考虑 SWT 叶片所需的整体材料特性,如低成本、轻质、适中的抗弯强度以及较高的拉伸和疲劳强度。本研究采用极端混合物设计响应面方法(RSM)对玻璃/碳混合复合材料进行多目标优化,以满足 SWT 的应用要求。对玻璃纤维和碳纤维的重量百分比进行了优化,以达到 SWT 叶片所需的材料性能。实验采用极端混合物设计响应面法(RSM)进行规划,并建立了置信度为 95% 的理想材料特性回归模型。采用基于 RSM 的可取性函数进行多目标优化。玻璃纤维和碳纤维的最佳比例分别为 37.9% 和 27.1%,复合材料的最大理想度达到 93.5%。在最佳成本为 2228.76 Rs Kg-1 和密度为 3.39 g cm-3 的条件下,优化后的玻璃/碳混合复合材料获得了足够的拉伸、弯曲和疲劳强度,分别为 486.02、435.41 和 316.27 MPa。通过确认实验验证了回归模型和优化结果,误差小于 6.1%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Functional Composites and Structures
Functional Composites and Structures Materials Science-Materials Science (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
10.70%
发文量
33
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