Comparison of selected cytomorphological features of canine pemphigus foliaceus and superficial pyoderma.

IF 1.9 3区 农林科学 Q3 DERMATOLOGY Veterinary dermatology Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI:10.1111/vde.13267
Tyler S Spriggs, Natalie K Y Gedon, Keith E Linder, Petra Bizikova
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Abstract

Background: Cytological detection of acantholytic keratinocytes (acantholytic cells [AC]) helps to identify canine pemphigus foliaceus (cPF) yet AC also occurs in superficial pyoderma (SP), the main differential diagnosis.

Hypothesis/objectives: To compare selected cytomorphological features of cPF and SP and to establish cytological diagnostic criteria that could differentiate cPF from SP.

Animals: 40 and 51 client-owned dogs with PF and SP, respectively.

Materials and methods: Impression smears from cPF (64), impetigo (40) and exfoliative superficial pyoderma (ESP) (17) samples were stained with Romanowsky stain, randomised, blinded and evaluated by two investigators independently. The entire sample was screened (×500 or ×1000 magnification) for round (AC1), boat (AC2) and raft AC, eosinophils and bacteria. Interobserver agreements were calculated.

Results: The average number of the 10 highest ×500 fields for AC1 and AC2 was significantly higher in PF than SP (p < 0.0001; Kruskal-Wallis test). Rafts and eosinophils were more common in PF than SP (p < 0.0001; chi-square test), while bacteria were rare in PF (5%; p < 0.0001; chi-square test). Observations between the experienced and novice investigators were highly correlated. An ROC analysis identified five AC1/×500-magnification field as a suitable cut-off value for predicting PF diagnosis. This cut-off value was tested by two additional investigators, who identified sensitivity of 84%-100%, specificity of 95%-97% and accuracy of 95%-96% for the diagnosis of cPF.

Conclusions and clinical relevance: Criterion-based impression smear cytological evaluation can provide strong evidence to support the clinical diagnosis. Acantholytic cell morphology varies in cPF and SP, and experience can improve accuracy in cytological differentiation.

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犬丘疹性荨麻疹与表皮脓皮病部分细胞形态学特征的比较。
背景:细胞学检测棘溶角质细胞(棘溶细胞[AC])有助于鉴别犬丘疹性荨麻疹(cPF),但棘溶角质细胞也会出现在浅表脓皮病(SP)中,这是主要的鉴别诊断依据:比较 cPF 和 SP 的某些细胞形态学特征,并建立可将 cPF 与 SP 区分开来的细胞学诊断标准:对来自 cPF(64 份)、脓疱疮(40 份)和剥脱性浅表脓皮病(ESP)(17 份)样本的印模涂片进行罗曼诺夫斯基染色,由两名研究人员随机、盲法和独立评估。对整个样本进行圆形(AC1)、船形(AC2)和筏形 AC、嗜酸性粒细胞和细菌筛查(放大倍数为 ×500 或 ×1000)。计算观察者之间的一致性:结果:PF 中 AC1 和 AC2 的 10 个最高×500 字段的平均数量明显高于 SP(p 结论和临床意义:基于标准的印模涂片细胞学评价可为临床诊断提供有力的证据。cPF 和 SP 中的棘细胞形态各异,经验可提高细胞学鉴别的准确性。
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来源期刊
Veterinary dermatology
Veterinary dermatology 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
21.40%
发文量
92
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Veterinary Dermatology is a bi-monthly, peer-reviewed, international journal which publishes papers on all aspects of the skin of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish. Scientific research papers, clinical case reports and reviews covering the following aspects of dermatology will be considered for publication: -Skin structure (anatomy, histology, ultrastructure) -Skin function (physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, genetics) -Skin microbiology and parasitology -Dermatopathology -Pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases -New disease entities
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