Using zircon and apatite chemistry to fingerprint porphyry Cu – Mo ± Au mineralization in the Delamerian Orogen, South Australia

IF 4.4 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Mineralium Deposita Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI:10.1007/s00126-024-01287-y
Wei Hong, Adrian Fabris, Sarah Gilbert, Benjamin P. Wade, Alan S. Collins, Tom Wise, Anthony J. Reid
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Abstract

To evaluate the fertility of porphyry mineralization in the Delamerian Orogen (South Australia), zircon and apatite from four prospects, including Anabama Hill, Netley Hill, Bendigo, and Colebatch, have been analyzed by LA-ICP-MS and electron microprobe. The zircon is characterized by heavy REEs enrichment relative to light REEs, high (Ce/Nd)N (1.3–45), and weak to moderate negative Eu/Eu* (0.2–0.78). The apatite has right-sloped REE patterns with variably negative to positive Eu anomalies. Low Mg (< 670 ppm) and Sr/Y ratios (< 5) in apatite likely illustrate fractional crystallization trends for the granitic melts in shallow crust. The Yb/Gb and Eu/Eu* in zircon reveal that intrusions at Anabama Hill, Netley Hill, and Bendigo underwent fractional crystallization controlled by amphibole (< 50–60%), garnet (< 15%), apatite (< 0.6%), and/or titanite (< 0.3%). These stocks have average fO2 values reported relative to fayalite-magnetite-quartz buffer (ΔFMQ), from 0.7 ± 0.9 to 2.1 ± 0.4, ascribed to prolonged magmatic evolution or sulfur degassing during post-subduction processes. Our data imply that both Anabama and Bendigo complexes experienced prevalent (garnet-) amphibole crystallization from hydrous melts that have moderately high oxidation (ΔFMQ + 1 to + 3) and elevated sulfur-chlorine components (Anabama, 37 ± 9 to 134 ± 83 ppm S and 0.30 ± 0.24 to 0.64 ± 0.89 wt% Cl; Bendigo, 281 ± 178 to 909 ± 474 ppm S and 0.45 ± 0.47 to 3.01 ± 1.54 wt% Cl). These are crucial ingredients to form porphyry Cu–Mo ± Au ores with economic significance, which provides encouragement for mineral exploration in this orogen.

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利用锆石和磷灰石化学特征描述南澳大利亚德拉梅利亚造山带斑岩铜-钼±金矿化过程
为了评估德拉梅里安造山(南澳大利亚)斑岩矿化的富集程度,我们采用 LA-ICP-MS 和电子微探针对 Anabama Hill、Netley Hill、Bendigo 和 Colebatch 等四个探矿区的锆石和磷灰石进行了分析。锆石的特征是重型 REEs 相对于轻型 REEs 富集,(Ce/Nd)N 高(1.3-45),Eu/Eu* 为弱至中等负值(0.2-0.78)。磷灰石具有右倾的 REE 模式,Eu 异常由负变正。磷灰石中较低的镁(670 ppm)和锶/钇比值(5)很可能说明了浅地壳花岗岩熔体的碎裂结晶趋势。锆石中的Yb/Gb和Eu/Eu*显示,Anabama Hill、Netley Hill和Bendigo的侵入体经历了由闪石(50-60%)、石榴石(15%)、磷灰石(0.6%)和/或榍石(0.3%)控制的分块结晶。据报道,相对于辉绿岩-磁铁矿-石英缓冲区(ΔFMQ),这些储量的平均 fO2 值从 0.7 ± 0.9 到 2.1 ± 0.4 不等,这归因于岩浆演化时间过长或俯冲后过程中的硫脱气。我们的数据表明,Anabama 和 Bendigo 复合物都经历了从水化物熔体中普遍(石榴石-)闪石结晶的过程,这些熔体具有中等程度的高氧化性(ΔFMQ + 1 至 + 3)和较高的硫-氯成分(Anabama,37 ± 9 至 134 ± 83 ppm S 和 0.30 ± 0.24 至 0.64 ± 0.89 wt% Cl;Bendigo,281 ± 178 至 909 ± 474 ppm S 和 0.45 ± 0.47 至 3.01 ± 1.54 wt% Cl)。这些都是形成具有经济意义的斑岩铜-钼-金矿石的关键成分,这为在该造山带进行矿产勘探提供了动力。
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来源期刊
Mineralium Deposita
Mineralium Deposita 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
6.20%
发文量
61
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The journal Mineralium Deposita introduces new observations, principles, and interpretations from the field of economic geology, including nonmetallic mineral deposits, experimental and applied geochemistry, with emphasis on mineral deposits. It offers short and comprehensive articles, review papers, brief original papers, scientific discussions and news, as well as reports on meetings of importance to mineral research. The emphasis is on high-quality content and form for all articles and on international coverage of subject matter.
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