From the philosophy of measurement to the philosophy of classification: Generalizing the problem of coordination and historical coherentism

IF 1.4 2区 哲学 Q1 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI:10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.05.020
François Papale
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Abstract

The objective of this paper is twofold. First, I present a framework called historical coherentism (Chang, 2004; Tal, 2016; Van fraassen 2008) and argue that it is the best epistemological framework available to tackle the problem of coordination, an epistemic conundrum that arises with every attempt to provide empirical content to scientific theories, models or statements. Second, I argue that the problem of coordination, which has so far been theorized only in the context of measurement practices (Reichenbach, 1927; Chang, 2001; Tal, 2012; Van fraassen 2008), can be generalized beyond the philosophy of measurement. Specifically, it will be shown that the problem is embodied in classificatory practices and that, consequently, historical coherentism is well suited to analyze these practices as well as metrological ones. As a case study, I look at a contemporary debate in phylogenetics, regarding the evolutionary origin of a newly identified archaeal phylum called Methanonatronarchaeia. Exploring this debate through the lens of historical coherentism provides a detailed understanding of the dynamics of the field and a foothold for critical analyses of the standard rationale used by practitioners.

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从测量哲学到分类哲学:概括协调与历史一致性问题
本文有两个目的。首先,我提出了一个名为 "历史一致性主义"(Historical coherentism)的框架(Chang, 2004; Tal, 2016; Van fraassen 2008),并认为这是解决协调问题的最佳认识论框架。其次,我认为协调问题迄今为止仅在测量实践的背景下被理论化(Reichenbach,1927;Chang,2001;Tal,2012;Van fraassen,2008),但它可以超越测量哲学的范畴。具体地说,我们将证明这个问题体现在分类实践中,因此,历史连贯主义非常适合分析这些实践以及计量实践。作为一个案例研究,我探讨了系统进化论中的一场当代争论,争论的焦点是新发现的古脊椎动物门(Methanonatronarchaeia)的进化起源。通过历史连贯主义的视角来探讨这场争论,可以详细了解该领域的动态,并为批判性分析从业者使用的标准原理提供立足点。
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来源期刊
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 管理科学-科学史与科学哲学
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
10.00%
发文量
166
审稿时长
6.6 weeks
期刊介绍: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science is devoted to the integrated study of the history, philosophy and sociology of the sciences. The editors encourage contributions both in the long-established areas of the history of the sciences and the philosophy of the sciences and in the topical areas of historiography of the sciences, the sciences in relation to gender, culture and society and the sciences in relation to arts. The Journal is international in scope and content and publishes papers from a wide range of countries and cultural traditions.
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