Waterborne polyurethane aerogel with asymmetric gradient structure formed by density-induced self-stratification for absorption-dominated electromagnetic interference shielding

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES Composite Structures Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI:10.1016/j.compstruct.2024.118259

Meng Ma , Xiao Liang , Wenting Tao , Qiang Peng , Wenqin Shao , Si Chen , Yanqin Shi , Huiwen He , Yulu Zhu , Xu Wang

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Abstract

The issues of electromagnetic (EM) emission and its secondary contamination have prompted significant concern among individuals. Hence, the development of efficient absorbing electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are urgent. Herein, silver-coated and foamed temperature-sensitive microspheres (Ag@FTSM) were synthesized by electroless silver plating. Subsequently, the Ag@FTSM/Fe₃O₄/waterborn polyurethane (WPU) composite aerogels with a porous and asymmetric gradient structure were prepared via freeze-drying process based on the principle of density difference. The introduction of the porous structure can reduce the material density and filler addition, augment the loss interface, and prolong the conduction path resulting in the enhancement of the EM wave absorption property. Through the loss mechanism of “absorption-reflection-reabsorption” and the longer loss path of the aerogels, the EMI shielding efficiency (SE) of the composites reached 48.7 dB with excellent absorption efficiency (46.5 dB) and high absorption coefficient (0.60) when the electromagnetic waves hit the magnetic layer.

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通过密度诱导自分层形成非对称梯度结构的水性聚氨酯气凝胶，用于屏蔽以吸收为主的电磁干扰

电磁辐射及其二次污染问题已引起人们的极大关注。因此，开发高效吸收电磁干扰（EMI）的屏蔽材料迫在眉睫。本文通过无电解镀银法合成了银涂层发泡温敏微球（Ag@FTSM）。随后，根据密度差原理，通过冷冻干燥工艺制备了具有多孔和非对称梯度结构的 Ag@FTSM/Fe3O4/ 水性聚氨酯（WPU）复合气凝胶。多孔结构的引入可以降低材料密度和填料添加量，增加损耗界面，延长传导路径，从而增强电磁波吸收特性。通过 "吸收-反射-吸收 "的损耗机制和气凝胶更长的损耗路径，当电磁波撞击磁层时，复合材料的电磁干扰屏蔽效率（SE）达到 48.7 dB，具有极佳的吸收效率（46.5 dB）和较高的吸收系数（0.60）。

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来源期刊

Composite Structures 工程技术-材料科学：复合

CiteScore

12.00

自引率

12.70%

发文量

1246

审稿时长

78 days

期刊介绍： The past few decades have seen outstanding advances in the use of composite materials in structural applications. There can be little doubt that, within engineering circles, composites have revolutionised traditional design concepts and made possible an unparalleled range of new and exciting possibilities as viable materials for construction. Composite Structures, an International Journal, disseminates knowledge between users, manufacturers, designers and researchers involved in structures or structural components manufactured using composite materials. The journal publishes papers which contribute to knowledge in the use of composite materials in engineering structures. Papers deal with design, research and development studies, experimental investigations, theoretical analysis and fabrication techniques relevant to the application of composites in load-bearing components for assemblies, ranging from individual components such as plates and shells to complete composite structures.