Evaluation of thyroid-disrupting effects of bisphenol F and bisphenol S on zebrafish (Danio rerio) using anti-transthyretin monoclonal antibody-based immunoassays

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY Aquatic Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-05-27 DOI:10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106968

Yuqi Zheng , Yuejiao Li , Samreen, Zhenzhong Zhang, Minhao Liu, Xumeng Cui, Jun Wang

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Abstract

The thyroid disrupting chemicals (TDCs) have raised great concerns due to their adverse impacts on thyroid hormones (THs). In this study, we investigated the thyroid-disrupting effects of bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS), two major BPA substitutes, on adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Firstly, anti-transthyretin (TTR) monoclonal antibody (anti-TTR mAb) was prepared and used to establish an indirect ELISA, which had a working range of 15.6∼1000 ng/mL of a detection limit of 6.1 ng/mL. The immunoassays based on anti-TTR mAb showed that exposure to BPF (10 and 100 μg/L) and BPS (100 μg/L) significantly elevated the levels of TTR protein in the plasma, liver, and brain tissues. Moreover, immunofluorescence showed that 100 μg/L BPF and BPS induced the production of TTR protein in liver and brain tissues. In addition, BPF and BPS increased THs levels and damaged thyroid tissue structure in adult female zebrafish. Especially, 100 μg/L BPF significantly increased T₄ and T₃ levels by 2.05 and 1.14 times, and induced pathological changes of thyroid follicles. The changes in the expression levels of genes involved in the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis further illustrated that BPF and BPS had significant adverse effects on THs homeostasis and thyroid function in zebrafish. Therefore, TTR immunoassays could be used for the evaluation of thyroid-disrupting effects in fish and BPF exhibited greater disruption than BPS.

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使用抗甲状腺素单克隆抗体免疫测定法评估双酚 F 和双酚 S 对斑马鱼（Danio rerio）甲状腺的干扰作用。

甲状腺干扰化学物（TDCs）因其对甲状腺激素（THs）的不利影响而引起了人们的极大关注。本研究调查了双酚 F（BPF）和双酚 S（BPS）这两种主要的双酚 A 替代品对成年斑马鱼（Danio rerio）甲状腺的干扰作用。首先，制备了抗转移色素（TTR）单克隆抗体（anti-TTR mAb），并利用该抗体建立了间接酶联免疫吸附法，其工作范围为 15.6∼1000 ng/mL，检测限为 6.1 ng/mL。基于抗 TTR mAb 的免疫测定表明，暴露于 BPF（10 和 100 μg/L）和 BPS（100 μg/L）会显著提高血浆、肝脏和脑组织中的 TTR 蛋白水平。此外，免疫荧光显示，100 μg/L BPF 和 BPS 能诱导肝脏和脑组织中 TTR 蛋白的产生。此外，BPF和BPS还能提高成年雌性斑马鱼体内的THs水平，破坏甲状腺组织结构。尤其是100 μg/L BPF可使T4和T3水平显著升高2.05倍和1.14倍，并诱导甲状腺滤泡发生病理变化。下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺（HPT）轴相关基因表达水平的变化进一步说明，BPF和BPS对斑马鱼体内的THs稳态和甲状腺功能有明显的不良影响。因此，TTR 免疫测定可用于评估鱼类的甲状腺干扰效应，而 BPF 比 BPS 表现出更大的干扰。

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来源期刊

Aquatic Toxicology 环境科学-毒理学

CiteScore

7.10

自引率

4.40%

发文量

250

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： Aquatic Toxicology publishes significant contributions that increase the understanding of the impact of harmful substances (including natural and synthetic chemicals) on aquatic organisms and ecosystems. Aquatic Toxicology considers both laboratory and field studies with a focus on marine/ freshwater environments. We strive to attract high quality original scientific papers, critical reviews and expert opinion papers in the following areas: Effects of harmful substances on molecular, cellular, sub-organismal, organismal, population, community, and ecosystem level; Toxic Mechanisms; Genetic disturbances, transgenerational effects, behavioral and adaptive responses; Impacts of harmful substances on structure, function of and services provided by aquatic ecosystems; Mixture toxicity assessment; Statistical approaches to predict exposure to and hazards of contaminants The journal also considers manuscripts in other areas, such as the development of innovative concepts, approaches, and methodologies, which promote the wider application of toxicological datasets to the protection of aquatic environments and inform ecological risk assessments and decision making by relevant authorities.