Population-based disease-group analysis of Spanish excess mortality in the early COVID-19 pandemic period.

IF 2.8 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Open Heart Pub Date : 2024-06-08 DOI:10.1136/openhrt-2023-002568

Francisco Reyes-Santias, Juan Carlos Reboredo-Nogueira, Rosa Maria Garcia-Alvarez, Sergio Cinza-Sanjurjo, Jose Ramon Gonzalez Juanatey

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Abstract

Background and aim: Increased mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic is not explained exclusively by COVID-19 infection and its complications. We analysed non-COVID-19 causes of mortality in a population analysis based on data from the Spanish National Institute of Statistics.

Methods: Using monthly mortality data in Spain (January 2010-December 2020), we analysed deaths associated with cancer, blood, endocrine, mental, nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory and digestive diseases and explored the COVID-19 impact using a difference-in-difference strategy. We calculated monthly interannual variations in mortality and computed percentage change in terms of the log of deaths in month h of year t minus the log of deaths in month h in the previous year t-1.

Results: In 2020 in Spain, mortality increased 17.9% compared with 2019. COVID-19 was the leading cause of death (n=60 358), followed by ischaemic heart disease (n=29 654). Throughout 2020, monthly interannual variations in cardiovascular mortality showed an average upward trend of 1.7%, while digestive, cancer and blood diseases showed a downward trend.

Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain in 2020, excess mortality was primarily related to cardiovascular mortality while mortality associated with digestive, cancer and blood diseases was reduced.

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对 COVID-19 大流行初期西班牙超额死亡率进行基于人口的疾病分组分析。

背景和目的：COVID-19 大流行期间死亡率上升的原因并不完全是 COVID-19 感染及其并发症。我们根据西班牙国家统计局（Spanish National Institute of Statistics）的数据，在人口分析中分析了非 COVID-19 的死亡原因：利用西班牙的月度死亡率数据（2010 年 1 月至 2020 年 12 月），我们分析了与癌症、血液、内分泌、精神、神经、心血管、呼吸系统和消化系统疾病相关的死亡情况，并采用差分策略探讨了 COVID-19 的影响。我们计算了死亡率的月度年际变化，并以 t 年 h 月的死亡对数减去 t-1 年 h 月的死亡对数来计算百分比变化：结果：与 2019 年相比，2020 年西班牙的死亡率上升了 17.9%。COVID-19 是主要死因（n=60 358），其次是缺血性心脏病（n=29 654）。在整个2020年，心血管疾病死亡率的月度年际变化呈现出平均1.7%的上升趋势，而消化系统疾病、癌症和血液疾病则呈现出下降趋势：结论：在 2020 年 COVID-19 大流行期间，西班牙的超额死亡率主要与心血管疾病有关，而与消化系统、癌症和血液疾病有关的死亡率则有所下降。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Open Heart CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS-

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

3.70%

发文量

145

审稿时长

20 weeks

期刊介绍： Open Heart is an online-only, open access cardiology journal that aims to be “open” in many ways: open access (free access for all readers), open peer review (unblinded peer review) and open data (data sharing is encouraged). The goal is to ensure maximum transparency and maximum impact on research progress and patient care. The journal is dedicated to publishing high quality, peer reviewed medical research in all disciplines and therapeutic areas of cardiovascular medicine. Research is published across all study phases and designs, from study protocols to phase I trials to meta-analyses, including small or specialist studies. Opinionated discussions on controversial topics are welcomed. Open Heart aims to operate a fast submission and review process with continuous publication online, to ensure timely, up-to-date research is available worldwide. The journal adheres to a rigorous and transparent peer review process, and all articles go through a statistical assessment to ensure robustness of the analyses. Open Heart is an official journal of the British Cardiovascular Society.