Underlying Mechanisms of the Protective Effects of Lifestyle Factors in the Prevention of Age-Related Diseases

IF 4.7 3区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Archives of Medical Research Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI:10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103014
Nicolás Alcaráz , Pamela Salcedo-Tello , Rodrigo González-Barrios , Karla Torres-Arciga , Kioko Guzmán-Ramos
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Abstract

The rise in life expectancy has significantly increased the occurrence of age-related chronic diseases, leading to escalating expenses for both society and individuals. Among the main factors influencing health and lifespan, lifestyle takes a forefront position. Specifically, nutrition, mental activity, and physical exercise influence the molecular and functional mechanisms that contribute to the prevention of major age-related diseases. Gaining deeper insights into the mechanisms that drive the positive effects of healthy lifestyles is valuable for creating interventions to prevent or postpone the development of chronic degenerative diseases. This review summarizes the main mechanisms that underlie the positive effect of lifestyle factors in counteracting the major age-related diseases involving brain health, musculoskeletal function, cancer, frailty, and cardiovascular diseases, among others. This knowledge will help to identify high-risk populations for targeted intervention trials and discover new biomarkers associated with healthy aging.

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生活方式因素对预防老年相关疾病的保护作用的基本机制
预期寿命的延长大大增加了老年慢性病的发病率,导致社会和个人的支出不断攀升。在影响健康和寿命的主要因素中,生活方式占首要地位。具体来说,营养、精神活动和体育锻炼会影响分子和功能机制,从而有助于预防主要的老年相关疾病。深入了解健康生活方式产生积极影响的机制,对于制定预防或推迟慢性退行性疾病发展的干预措施非常有价值。本综述总结了生活方式因素在抵御主要老年相关疾病(包括脑健康、肌肉骨骼功能、癌症、虚弱和心血管疾病等)方面积极作用的主要机制。这些知识将有助于确定高风险人群,进行有针对性的干预试验,并发现与健康老龄化相关的新生物标志物。
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来源期刊
Archives of Medical Research
Archives of Medical Research 医学-医学:研究与实验
CiteScore
12.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
84
审稿时长
28 days
期刊介绍: Archives of Medical Research serves as a platform for publishing original peer-reviewed medical research, aiming to bridge gaps created by medical specialization. The journal covers three main categories - biomedical, clinical, and epidemiological contributions, along with review articles and preliminary communications. With an international scope, it presents the study of diseases from diverse perspectives, offering the medical community original investigations ranging from molecular biology to clinical epidemiology in a single publication.
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