Dispositional Empathy Among Psychotherapists: A Latent Profile Analysis

IF 3.2 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Clinical psychology & psychotherapy Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI:10.1002/cpp.3016

Valerie Lachance, Olivier Laverdière, David Kealy, John S. Ogrodniczuk

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Abstract

Objective

This study examined therapists' dispositional empathy profiles and how they differ based on professional and personal characteristics.

Method

A total of 376 clinicians was recruited for this study. Dispositional empathy was assessed with the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). Profiles were generated using latent profile analysis. Predictors of profiles were assessed with multiple self-report questionnaires measuring demographic and professional characteristics, romantic attachment styles, five-factor personality traits and vulnerable narcissism.

Results

A four-profile solution was retained with the following proportions: rational empathic (20%), disengaged/detached (10%), empathic immersion (35%) and insecure/self-absorbed (35%). Overall, few relationships were found regarding demographic and professional characteristics. In contrast, significant relationships were found between profile membership and personal characteristics, including avoidant and anxious attachment, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, intellect/imagination and vulnerable narcissism.

Conclusion

The findings show that differences in therapists' empathic dispositions are linked to personality dimensions. Implications for psychotherapy research, practice and training are discussed.

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心理治疗师的共情倾向：潜在特征分析

目的：本研究探讨了治疗师的移情倾向特征，以及这些特征在专业和个人特征上的差异：本研究考察了治疗师的移情倾向，以及他们在专业和个人特征上的差异：本研究共招募了 376 名临床医生。通过人际反应指数（IRI）对共情倾向进行评估。采用潜在特征分析法生成特征。通过多份自我报告问卷，对人口统计学和职业特征、浪漫依恋风格、五要素人格特质和脆弱自恋进行了评估：结果：保留了四种类型的解决方案，比例如下：理性移情型（20%）、脱离/疏离型（10%）、沉浸移情型（35%）和不安全/自恋型（35%）。总体而言，人口统计和专业特征之间的关系不大。与此相反，个人档案成员与个人特征（包括回避型依恋和焦虑型依恋、合意性、自觉性、神经质、智力/想象力和脆弱自恋）之间存在明显关系：结论：研究结果表明，治疗师移情倾向的差异与人格维度有关。本文讨论了心理治疗研究、实践和培训的意义。

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来源期刊

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

5.60%

发文量

106

期刊介绍： Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy aims to keep clinical psychologists and psychotherapists up to date with new developments in their fields. The Journal will provide an integrative impetus both between theory and practice and between different orientations within clinical psychology and psychotherapy. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy will be a forum in which practitioners can present their wealth of expertise and innovations in order to make these available to a wider audience. Equally, the Journal will contain reports from researchers who want to address a larger clinical audience with clinically relevant issues and clinically valid research.