Clinical psychology & psychotherapy最新文献

Background: Frustration intolerance (FI) is the belief that reality should meet our desires for ease, pleasure and comfort. Although extensively studied in adults, tools for measuring FI in children and adolescents are scarce. The Frustration Intolerance Scale for Students (FISS) was developed to fill this gap. This study aimed to evaluate the FISS's structure and, through a longitudinal design, assess its psychometric properties, including reliability and validity.

Methods: Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted with a sample of 780 participants (46.30% female, Age_mean = 11.80 years). A retest was administered after 5 months to 611 participants (48.6% female, Age_mean = 12.24 years). Both testing moments assessed FI, along with externalized and internalized anger, anger duration, empathy, academic interest and self-efficacy.

Results: Confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the eight-plus-one model is the optimal structure for the FISS, allowing for scores on each FI component, frustration tolerance (FT) and a general irrationality FI factor. The eight subscales and the irrationality FI factor showed good internal consistency, whereas test-retest reliability was fair, indicating some variability between administrations. Regarding convergent evidence, significant longitudinal correlations were found between internalized and externalized anger, the degree of anger and all dimensions of FI. FT was positively associated with empathy, and this pattern remained consistent over time. The scale demonstrated discriminant validity by effectively differentiating between students with low and high levels of academic interest and self-efficacy.

Conclusions: The FISS is a valid and reliable tool for assessing various dimensions of frustration intolerance in children and adolescents.

Introduction: The current study aimed to evaluate the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and suicidal ideation among women using a network analysis approach.

Method: Secondary data including 440 women (mean age ± SD = 32.78 ± 8.09) who experienced IPV in the last 6 months were used. The Revised Composite Abuse Scale-Short Form, Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale and Revised Scale of Economic Abuse were used to assess IPV and suicidal ideation. Network analysis, centrality measures and bridge centrality were applied to understand the interplay between IPV and suicide risk factors.

Results: The strongest association in the network analysis was found between 'Wish to be Dead' (S.1) and 'Non-Specific Active Suicidal Thoughts' (S.2) with a weight of 0.523, indicating a substantial correlation between general suicidal thoughts and particular desires to die. IPV symptoms, particularly economic exploitation and psychological abuse, showed strong links to suicidal ideation. 'Active Suicidal Ideation with Specific Plan and Intent' (S.5) was significantly related to 'Make you take out a loan or buy something on credit when you didn't want to' (EA.11) with a weight of 0.276. Additionally, centrality analysis showed that 'Wish to be Dead' (S.1) was the most central node in the network of suicidal ideation, with the highest centrality score (betweenness = 2.625).

Conclusion: These findings suggest that IPV, mainly psychological abuse, plays a pivotal role in suicidal ideation among women. Mental health interventions should focus on addressing IPV-related psychological abuse. Suicide prevention efforts must integrate IPV screening into clinical practice.

Introduction: The current paper aimed to translate psychometric properties and network structure of the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED-P) in children aged 4 to 7 years in Arabic-speaking countries.

Method: In this study, 646 Arabic-speaking parents of children aged 4 to 7 participated. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to confirm the five-factor structure of the SCARED-P scale. Indices of reliability, test-retest reliability, convergent validity and measurement invariance were utilized. Additionally, a network perspective, which included exploratory graph analysis (EGA), was employed.

Results: The results of the present study showed that the five-factor model of the SCARED-P scale was confirmed with good fit indices (χ²/df = 3.27, RMSEA = 0.059, CFI = 0.92). The scale demonstrated good internal consistency (total scale: α = 0.946, subscales: α = 0.68-0.96). Test-retest reliability over 2 weeks was satisfactory (ICC above 0.70). The convergent validity of the scale was also confirmed, as SCARED-P scores had a significant correlation with the emotional problems subscale of the SDQ (r = 0.61, p < 0.001). The emotional subscale showed the highest correlation with the generalized anxiety component (r = 0.68, p < 0.001). Additionally, the network analysis supported the five-factor model of the SCARED-P scale.

Conclusion: The SCARED-P scale demonstrated excellent psychometric properties in Arabic-speaking children aged 4 to 7, with a stable five-factor structure and strong convergent validity. It suggested that this tool can be a valuable instrument for the early identification of anxiety disorders in Arab countries. This study emphasizes the importance of culturally adapted screening tools in detecting anxiety symptoms and providing opportunities for early interventions.

Intermittent explosive disorder (IED) is characterized by sudden, disproportionate outbursts of anger that can severely impact individuals' quality of life, causing difficulties in maintaining relationships, issues at work or school and potential legal troubles. This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse the effectiveness of psychological and pharmacological treatments for IED, drawing insights from both case studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A total of 12 RCTs and 14 case studies were included in this comprehensive analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that psychological treatments, particularly cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), showed significant effectiveness in reducing aggression and achieving full remission compared to pharmacological treatments. However, the latter, notably fluoxetine, demonstrated notable efficacy in managing irritability and achieving treatment response. Subgroup analysis identified follow-up time and intervention type as significant moderators of treatment outcomes. The systematic review of case studies highlighted the successful application of deep brain stimulation (DBS) and various off-label medications, including SSRIs and mood stabilizers, in managing IED symptoms. Despite these insights, the study emphasizes the need for more robust evidence-based treatment protocols and further research into the underlying mechanisms of IED to develop targeted treatments.

The network approach offers a novel perspective for conceptualizing the psychopathology of social anxiety disorder (SAD). This scoping review aimed to map the existing literature on the psychometric network structures of social anxiety symptoms and identify future research directions. A total of 61 studies were identified through searches in PubMed, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov and the Open Science Framework databases, employing the keywords ('social anxiety disorder' OR 'social phobia' OR 'social anxiety') AND ('network analysis'). Of these, 10 studies examined the network structures of social anxiety symptoms in patients with SAD, 17 investigated such structures in individuals without an SAD diagnosis and 34 explored networks of other symptoms that included social anxiety symptoms. Most studies were conducted on Western and Chinese populations, underscoring the need for broader cross-cultural comparisons. The central symptoms in SAD networks were fear and anxiety related to performing and interacting with groups, engaging with strangers or unfamiliar individuals, participating in events and being the center of attention. However, the network structures of SAD and related symptoms remain underexplored, with existing studies offering only partial insights. This review emphasizes the need for future research to comprehensively assess social anxiety symptoms and adopt cross-cultural comparative designs to deepen the understanding of SAD psychopathology. These findings provide a foundation for future research on SAD utilizing network analysis.

There is evidence that emotion regulation plays a role in the aetiology and maintenance of OCD, but knowledge about what impacts emotion dysregulation is limited. Attachment style is related to both emotion regulation and OCD symptoms, but the link between them has not been thoroughly studied. Examining emotion dysregulation within the context of OCD through an attachment theory framework may lead to a better understanding of the aetiology and maintenance of OCD. In the present study, we combined theoretically and empirically derived knowledge to examine the mediating role of emotion regulation between attachment dimensions (avoidance and anxiety) and OCD symptoms. One-hundred seventy-nine individuals with OCD were assessed with Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and Yale-Brown Obsession Compulsion Scale (Y-BOCS), and mediation analyses were conducted. Our results indicate that the association between OCD and attachment anxiety/avoidance was mediated by emotion dysregulation. The primary limitation of our study is that data are cross-sectional and, therefore, we cannot infer anything about the causal direction of these relationships. A second limitation of the study is that two of the three measures were derived from self-reported questionnaires, which may be prone to biassed reporting. Our results suggest that insecure attachment is important in OCD when taking emotion regulation into account. Thus, clinical interventions for OCD may improve by targeting attachment and difficulties related to emotion regulation. However, our findings are based on cross-sectional data that preclude conclusions relating to causal influence.