Perturbation of tonoplast sucrose transport alters carbohydrate utilization for seasonal growth and defense metabolism in coppiced poplar.

IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY Tree physiology Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI:10.1093/treephys/tpae061
Trevor T Tuma, Batbayar Nyamdari, Chen Hsieh, Yen-Ho Chen, Scott A Harding, Chung-Jui Tsai
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Abstract

Nonstructural carbohydrate reserves of stems and roots underpin overall tree fitness and productivity under short-rotation management practices such as coppicing for bioenergy. While sucrose and starch comprise the predominant stem carbohydrate reserves of Populus, utilization for fitness and agricultural productivity is understood primarily in terms of starch turnover. The tonoplast sucrose transport protein SUT4 modulates sucrose export from source leaves to distant sinks during photoautotrophic growth, but the possibility of its involvement in remobilizing carbohydrates from storage organs during heterotrophic growth has not been explored. Here, we used PtaSUT4-knockout mutants of Populus tremula × P. alba (INRA 717-1B4) in winter (cool) and summer (warm) glasshouse coppicing experiments to assess SUT4 involvement in reserve utilization. Conditions preceding and supporting summer sprouting were considered favorable for growth, while those preceding and supporting cool temperature sprouting were suboptimal akin to conditions associated with coppicing as generally practiced. Epicormic bud emergence was delayed in sut4 mutants following lower temperature 'winter' but not summer coppicing. Winter xylem hexose increases were observed in control but not in sut4 stumps after coppicing. The magnitude of starch and sucrose reserve depletion was similar in control and sut4 stumps during the winter and did not explain the sprouting and xylem hexose differences. However, winter maintenance costs appeared higher in sut4 based partly on Krebs cycle intermediate levels. In control plants, bark accrual of abundant defense metabolites, including salicinoids and condensed tannins, was higher in summer than in winter, but this increase of summer defense allocations was attenuated in sut4 mutants. Temperature-sensitive trade-offs between growth and other priorities may therefore depend on SUT4 in Populus.

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色质体蔗糖转运的干扰改变了毛白杨季节性生长和防御新陈代谢对碳水化合物的利用。
茎和根的非结构性碳水化合物储备是短周期管理方法(如为获得生物能源而砍伐枝条)下树木整体适应性和生产力的基础。虽然蔗糖和淀粉是杨树茎干碳水化合物储备的主要成分,但人们主要从淀粉转化的角度来理解其对适应性和农业生产力的利用。在光自养生长过程中,色质体蔗糖转运蛋白 SUT4 可调节蔗糖从源叶向远处吸收汇的输出,但其在异养生长过程中参与从贮藏器官中再动员碳水化合物的可能性尚未被探索。在这里,我们在冬季(凉爽)和夏季(温暖)玻璃温室萌芽实验中使用 PtaSUT4 基因敲除突变体杨树 × 白杨(INRA 717-1B4)来评估 SUT4 参与储备利用的情况。夏季萌芽之前和支持夏季萌芽的条件被认为有利于生长,而凉爽温度下萌芽之前和支持凉爽温度下萌芽的条件处于次优状态,类似于通常采用的扦插方法。在温度较低的 "冬季 "而非夏季萌芽后,sut4 突变体的外胚层芽萌发延迟。冬季木质部己糖在对照树桩中增加,而不是在交接后的 sut4 树桩中增加。对照和 sut4 树桩冬季淀粉和蔗糖储备消耗的程度相似,不能解释萌芽和木质部己糖的差异。然而,部分基于克雷布斯循环中间体水平,sut4 的冬季维护成本似乎更高。在对照植株中,树皮积累的丰富防御代谢物(包括水杨酸类和缩合单宁酸)在夏季高于冬季,但这种夏季防御分配的增加在 sut4 突变体中有所减弱。因此,对温度敏感的生长和其他优先事项之间的权衡可能取决于杨树的 SUT4。
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来源期刊
Tree physiology
Tree physiology 农林科学-林学
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
7.50%
发文量
133
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Tree Physiology promotes research in a framework of hierarchically organized systems, measuring insight by the ability to link adjacent layers: thus, investigated tree physiology phenomenon should seek mechanistic explanation in finer-scale phenomena as well as seek significance in larger scale phenomena (Passioura 1979). A phenomenon not linked downscale is merely descriptive; an observation not linked upscale, might be trivial. Physiologists often refer qualitatively to processes at finer or coarser scale than the scale of their observation, and studies formally directed at three, or even two adjacent scales are rare. To emphasize the importance of relating mechanisms to coarser scale function, Tree Physiology will highlight papers doing so particularly well as feature papers.
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