The influence of semantics on long-term visual memory capacity in children and adults

IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL British Journal of Developmental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI:10.1111/bjdp.12498
Priti Gupta, Marin Vogelsang, Lukas Vogelsang, Pragya Shah, Sharon Gilad-Gutnick, Pawan Sinha
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Human visual memory capacity has a rapid developmental progression. Here we examine whether image semantics modulate this progression. We assessed the performance of children (6–14 years) and young adults (19–36 years) on a visual memory task using real-world (or meaningful) as well as abstract image sets, which were matched in low-level image attributes. For real images, we find comparable performance across the two age groups, consistent with previously reported results. However, for abstract images, we find a clear age-related difference indicating greater reliance of children's memory processes on semantics, suggesting that strategies for encoding abstract patterns keep improving even into late childhood. We complemented these studies with computational experiments designed to examine the role of increasing experience with real-world images on real and abstract image encoding, to examine whether the observed age-related differences, as well as the general privilege of real over abstract images, can emerge directly through experience with meaningful images. Our results provide support for this possibility and set the stage for a finer-grained investigation of the timeline along which children's memory capacity for abstract images reaches adult levels.

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语义对儿童和成人长期视觉记忆能力的影响。
人类的视觉记忆能力发展迅速。在此,我们研究了图像语义是否会调节这种进步。我们评估了儿童(6-14 岁)和年轻人(19-36 岁)在使用真实世界(或有意义的)和抽象图像集进行视觉记忆任务时的表现,这些图像集的低级图像属性是匹配的。对于真实图像,我们发现两个年龄组的表现相当,这与之前报道的结果一致。然而,对于抽象图像,我们发现了明显的年龄差异,表明儿童的记忆过程更依赖于语义,这表明即使到了儿童后期,抽象模式的编码策略仍在不断改进。作为对这些研究的补充,我们还进行了计算实验,旨在检验真实世界图像经验的增加对真实和抽象图像编码的作用,以检验观察到的与年龄有关的差异,以及真实图像相对于抽象图像的普遍优势,是否可以通过有意义图像的经验直接产生。我们的研究结果为这种可能性提供了支持,并为更细致地研究儿童的抽象图像记忆能力达到成人水平的时间线奠定了基础。
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来源期刊
British Journal of Developmental Psychology
British Journal of Developmental Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
38
期刊介绍: The British Journal of Developmental Psychology publishes full-length, empirical, conceptual, review and discussion papers, as well as brief reports, in all of the following areas: - motor, perceptual, cognitive, social and emotional development in infancy; - social, emotional and personality development in childhood, adolescence and adulthood; - cognitive and socio-cognitive development in childhood, adolescence and adulthood, including the development of language, mathematics, theory of mind, drawings, spatial cognition, biological and societal understanding; - atypical development, including developmental disorders, learning difficulties/disabilities and sensory impairments;
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