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Loneliness trajectories and psychological distress in youth: Longitudinal evidence from a population-based sample. 青少年的孤独轨迹与心理困扰:来自人口样本的纵向证据。
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12533
Emma M Kirwan, Martina Luchetti, Annette Burns, Páraic S O'Súilleabháin, Ann-Marie Creaven

This pre-registered secondary analysis aimed to examine distinct longitudinal loneliness trajectories in youth and whether these trajectories were associated with psychological distress at final follow-up in the UK Household Longitudinal Study. Participants (N = 827, 55.1% female, Time 1: M ± SD = 16.50 ± 0.50 years) provided data during Waves 9, 10 and 11. K-means longitudinal clustering analysis was used to identify clusters of participants with distinct loneliness trajectories across measurement waves. We identified four clusters demonstrating distinct trajectories of loneliness: stable low (40.7%), stable high (20.6%), moderate decreasing (19.6%) and low increasing (19.1%). Compared to 'stable low loneliness', 'stable high' and 'low increasing' loneliness clusters were significantly associated with psychological distress at Wave 11 following adjustment for sex, ethnicity, parent's highest educational achievement and Wave 9 psychological distress. The current study offers an important contribution to the literature on patterns of youth loneliness and mental health consequences.

这项预先登记的二次分析旨在研究英国家庭纵向研究中青少年不同的纵向孤独轨迹,以及这些轨迹是否与最终随访时的心理困扰有关。参与者(N = 827,55.1% 为女性,时间 1:M ± SD = 16.50 ± 0.50 岁)在第 9、10 和 11 波期间提供了数据。我们使用 K-均值纵向聚类分析来识别在各测量波中具有不同孤独轨迹的参与者群组。我们确定了四个显示出不同孤独感轨迹的群组:稳定的低度孤独感(40.7%)、稳定的高度孤独感(20.6%)、中度孤独感下降(19.6%)和低度孤独感上升(19.1%)。与 "稳定的低度孤独感 "相比,"稳定的高度孤独感 "和 "低度增加孤独感 "群组在调整性别、种族、父母的最高教育成就和第 9 波的心理困扰后,与第 11 波的心理困扰显著相关。目前的研究为有关青少年孤独模式和心理健康后果的文献做出了重要贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Two-year-olds selectively seek help, but not based on helper maturity. 两岁幼儿会有选择性地寻求帮助,但并不以帮助者的成熟度为依据。
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12532
Alexandra Raport, Canan Ipek, Joanna Park, Henrike Moll

Help-seeking is a strategy by which children signal their need for social learning. In three experiments, we examined when and from whom 2-year-old (N = 146 children; mean age = 31.4 months) US children from diverse ethnoracial and economic backgrounds (62% White; 9% Latine; 24% low-income) seek help in problem-solving contexts. In Experiment 1, children sought more help when unfamiliar (and thus unable to solve) than when familiar with a problem. In Experiment 2, children selectively sought help from knowledgeable as opposed to ignorant helpers. Against our prediction, children in neither experiment preferred mature (adult) over immature (infant or peer) helpers. In Experiment 3, children again did not prefer mature over immature helpers when helpers were depicted with realistic photos instead of line drawings (as in Experiments 1 and 2). We discuss the findings in relation to children's knowledge of their status as social learners.

寻求帮助是儿童发出需要社会学习信号的一种策略。在三个实验中,我们研究了来自不同种族和经济背景(62% 白人;9% 拉丁人;24% 低收入者)的 2 岁美国儿童(146 名儿童,平均年龄 31.4 个月)在解决问题时寻求帮助的时间和对象。在实验 1 中,儿童在不熟悉问题(因此无法解决问题)时比熟悉问题时寻求更多帮助。在实验 2 中,儿童选择性地寻求知识渊博的帮助者的帮助,而不是无知的帮助者。与我们的预测相反,在这两个实验中,儿童都不喜欢成熟的(成人)帮助者,而喜欢不成熟的(婴儿或同伴)帮助者。在实验 3 中,与实验 1 和 2 一样,当帮助者是用逼真的照片而不是线描来描述时,儿童同样不喜欢成熟的帮助者,而喜欢不成熟的帮助者。我们将结合儿童对其社会学习者身份的认识来讨论这些发现。
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引用次数: 0
The last pink straw: Children's and parents' judgements about gender nonconformity. 最后一根粉色稻草儿童和父母对性别不一致的判断。
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12529
Kingsley M Schroeder, Megan Fulcher

Gender nonconforming (GNC) boys often elicit negative reactions from peers and adults. However, it is unclear which aspects of nonconformity evoke negative social consequences. Are appearance characteristics, activity interests, or traits most impactful for peers' evaluations? Sixty-seven 6- to 11-year-old children and their parents interacted with a magnetic paper doll of a GNC boy who was displayed with feminine appearance characteristics, activity interests, and traits. Participants were allowed to physically remove feminine attributes and/or add masculine and neutral attributes to help the GNC boy make friends with boys. Participants were (1) more likely to change appearance and activities and less likely to change traits and (2) more likely to remove feminine attributes than add masculine and neutral attributes. Interactions between attribute type and gender differed across parents and children. Results suggest that interventions to reduce discrimination towards GNC boys should focus on reducing prejudice towards appearance- and activity-based nonconformity.

性别不符(GNC)男孩经常会引起同伴和成年人的负面反应。然而,目前还不清楚不符合性别的哪些方面会引起负面的社会后果。对同伴评价影响最大的是外表特征、活动兴趣还是性格特征?67 名 6-11 岁的儿童和他们的父母与一个磁性纸娃娃进行了互动,这个纸娃娃是一个 GNC 男孩,身上有女性化的外表特征、活动兴趣和特质。参与者可以用身体移除女性特征和/或添加男性和中性特征,以帮助 GNC 男孩与男孩交朋友。参与者(1) 更倾向于改变外貌和活动,而较少改变特质;(2) 更倾向于去除女性特质,而不是增加男性和中性特质。属性类型和性别之间的相互作用在父母和孩子之间存在差异。研究结果表明,为减少对 GNC 男孩的歧视而采取的干预措施应侧重于减少对基于外貌和活动的不一致的偏见。
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引用次数: 0
Menstruation experiences and its association with psychological distress among school-going adolescent girls of Nepal: A cross-sectional study. 尼泊尔在校少女的月经经历及其与心理困扰的关系:一项横断面研究。
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12531
Sadikshya Niroula, Shishir Paudel, Anisha Chalise, Sophiya Acharya, Nirmal Raj Marasine

This study aimed to assess the relationship between menstruation-related attributes and mental distress in adolescent girls. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Rangeli Municipality, Nepal, among 270 adolescent girls. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were calculated at a 5% level of significance to identify factors associated with depression, anxiety and stress. Of 270 adolescent girls, 28.9% (95% CI: 23.5%-35.2%) experienced anxiety, 14.4% (95% CI: 10.0%-18.5%) experienced stress and 32.2% (95% CI: 26.6%-37.4%) experienced depression. Low perceived family support during menstruation (aOR: 2.87, 95% CI: 1.03-7.97), low perceived support from friends during menstruation (aOR: 4.09, 95% CI: 1.66-10.07) and experiencing moderate/severe dysmenorrhea (aOR: 2.31, 95% CI: 1.105-5.08) were associated with anxiety. Those with moderate/severe dysmenorrhoea had higher odds (aOR: 5.60, 95% CI: 1.56-20.05) of experiencing stress. Low perceived family support (aOR: 3.07, 95% CI: 1.08-8.67), low perceived support from friends (aOR: 2.77, 95% CI: 1.11-6.89) and experiencing moderate to severe dysmenorrhoea (aOR: 3.56, 95% CI: 1.63-7.79) were associated with depression. The findings underscore the importance of proper management of dysmenorrhoea and need for social support from both family and friends during menstruation as these factors are associated with psychological distress among adolescent girls.

本研究旨在评估月经相关属性与少女精神痛苦之间的关系。这项横断面研究在尼泊尔兰吉利市对 270 名少女进行了调查。研究采用自填式问卷收集数据。在 5%的显著性水平下,计算了未调整和调整后的几率比(aOR),以确定与抑郁、焦虑和压力相关的因素。在 270 名少女中,28.9%(95% CI:23.5%-35.2%)经历过焦虑,14.4%(95% CI:10.0%-18.5%)经历过压力,32.2%(95% CI:26.6%-37.4%)经历过抑郁。月经期间感知到的家庭支持少(aOR:2.87,95% CI:1.03-7.97)、月经期间感知到的朋友支持少(aOR:4.09,95% CI:1.66-10.07)以及中度/重度痛经(aOR:2.31,95% CI:1.105-5.08)与焦虑有关。中度/重度痛经者有较高的压力几率(aOR:5.60,95% CI:1.56-20.05)。低感知家庭支持(aOR:3.07,95% CI:1.08-8.67)、低感知朋友支持(aOR:2.77,95% CI:1.11-6.89)和中度至重度痛经(aOR:3.56,95% CI:1.63-7.79)与抑郁有关。研究结果强调了正确处理痛经以及在月经期间需要家人和朋友的社会支持的重要性,因为这些因素与少女的心理困扰有关。
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引用次数: 0
Emotion understanding among institutionalized preschool children in India: A visual-based approach. 印度机构收容的学龄前儿童对情绪的理解:基于视觉的方法。
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12530
Manaswini Mishra, Rooplekha Khuntia

The present study aimed to develop two visual tasks to assess the emotion understanding of institutionalized preschool children in India. To enhance the psychometric qualities of both tasks, content validity and inter-rater reliability assessments, translation-back translation and a rigorous peer review process were undertaken. In addition, the tool's components were mapped with institutionalized children's everyday experiences to help them better relate to the task. The tool development phase was followed by the assessment phase. Eighteen participants (nine males, nine females) aged 3-6 years were purposefully selected from three childcare institutions. The emotion identification task required children to identify the correct emotions from the cartoon characters' facial expressions and gestures, whereas, in the emotion situation task, children were asked to infer others' emotions from a vignette depicted by a picture card. Children's responses were videotaped, analysed and coded for both tasks. The study's key findings revealed that institutionalized children responded more accurately to emotion situation tasks yet struggled to identify sadness, anger and fear emotions compared to happiness. Furthermore, qualitative insights provided a comprehensive understanding and interpretation of the findings.

本研究旨在开发两项视觉任务,以评估印度福利院学龄前儿童的情绪理解能力。为了提高这两项任务的心理测量质量,我们进行了内容效度和评分者间可靠性评估、回译和严格的同行评审过程。此外,还将工具的各个组成部分与福利院儿童的日常经历进行了映射,以帮助他们更好地理解任务。工具开发阶段之后是评估阶段。我们从三家托儿机构有目的地挑选了 18 名 3-6 岁的参与者(9 男 9 女)。情绪识别任务要求儿童从卡通人物的面部表情和手势中识别出正确的情绪,而情绪情景任务则要求儿童从图片卡描述的小故事中推断他人的情绪。在这两项任务中,都对儿童的回答进行了录像、分析和编码。研究的主要结果显示,福利院儿童对情绪情境任务的反应更准确,但与快乐相比,他们在识别悲伤、愤怒和恐惧情绪方面却很吃力。此外,定性的见解为研究结果提供了全面的理解和解释。
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引用次数: 0
Attrition in a large-scale habituation task administered at home. 在家中进行的大规模习惯性任务中的损耗。
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12528
Maximilian Seitz, Dave Möwisch, Manja Attig

Infant research often struggles with selective samples, especially when focusing on behavioural measures, such as those drawn from habituation tasks. However, selectivity may threaten the generalizability and interpretation of results, which is why the current study investigates attrition in a habituation task administered in a household setting in 7-month-old infants. We used a large-scale German dataset, focusing on the children's socioeconomic background, and investigated two aspects of attrition, namely, participation and task completion. The findings suggest significant effects of the children's socioeconomic background on attrition: Maternal education, parental occupation, household income and household language (German vs. other) were positively related to participation and task completion. The analyses indicate that multiple barriers may prevent parents from lower socioeconomic backgrounds from letting their children participate. The study concludes with a critical discussion of possible mechanisms of selectivity in behavioural measures as well as the household setting, in which the data were collected.

婴儿研究往往难以选择样本,尤其是在关注行为测量时,例如从习惯化任务中提取的样本。然而,选择性可能会对结果的普遍性和解释造成威胁,这就是本研究调查 7 个月大婴儿在家庭环境中进行习惯化任务时自然减员的原因。我们使用了一个大规模的德国数据集,重点研究了儿童的社会经济背景,并调查了减员的两个方面,即参与度和任务完成度。研究结果表明,儿童的社会经济背景对流失有明显影响:母亲教育程度、父母职业、家庭收入和家庭语言(德语与其他语言)与参与度和任务完成度呈正相关。分析表明,多重障碍可能会阻碍社会经济背景较差的父母让其子女参与。研究最后对行为测量中可能存在的选择性机制以及收集数据的家庭环境进行了批判性讨论。
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引用次数: 0
The influence of valence and relationship on children's verification of gossip. 情绪和关系对儿童核实流言蜚语的影响。
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12527
Zhehua Wan, Binjie Wang, Paul L Harris, Yulong Tang

Given that children do not always trust gossip, do they spontaneously check what they are told? We provided 5- (N = 32) and 6-year olds (N = 32) with gossip concerning characters in a cartoon they were watching, and examined whether they verified the gossip by actively re-watching the relevant episodes. Six-year olds were more likely to verify gossip than 5-year olds. When gossip targeted their favourite characters, children were more likely to verify negative when compared with positive gossip. However, when gossip targeted children's disliked characters, they showed no such valence bias. These results indicate that children's verification of gossip increases with age, and they evaluate claims selectively.

既然儿童并不总是相信小道消息,那么他们是否会自发地核实别人告诉他们的消息呢?我们向 5 岁儿童(32 人)和 6 岁儿童(32 人)提供了与他们正在观看的动画片中的人物有关的小道消息,并考察了他们是否通过积极重看相关情节来验证小道消息。与 5 岁儿童相比,6 岁儿童更有可能证实流言。当流言针对他们喜欢的角色时,与正面流言相比,儿童更有可能验证负面流言。然而,当流言针对儿童不喜欢的角色时,他们并没有表现出这种情绪偏差。这些结果表明,随着年龄的增长,儿童对流言蜚语的验证能力也会增强,而且他们会有选择性地评估流言蜚语。
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引用次数: 0
The Joint Media Engagement Scale (JMES): An instrument for measuring shared media use with children aged 1 to 5 years old. 联合媒体参与量表(JMES):用于测量 1 至 5 岁儿童共同使用媒体情况的工具。
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12526
Felix-Sebastian Koch, Rachel Barr, Annette Sundqvist

The digital media landscape is rapidly shifting, and some children begin using digital media in infancy. As with book reading, young children need adult guidance to learn from digital media. Joint media engagement (JME) occurs when preschool children and their parents actively use digital media together. JME during early childhood is associated with increased learning from media. However, there are no validated scales of JME. In the present study, parents of 353 1-to-5-year olds answered a series of questions about their media use and behaviours. Exploratory factor analysis yielded two scales, one for viewing video content together and one for playing digital games together. Convergent validity was established by comparison to the widely used Television Mediation Scale. Together, these findings establish the JME instrument as a valid and reliable tool for measuring joint media engagement during early childhood.

数字媒体的发展日新月异,有些儿童在婴幼儿时期就开始使用数字媒体。与阅读书籍一样,幼儿需要成人的指导才能从数字媒体中学习。当学龄前儿童和他们的父母一起积极使用数字媒体时,就会出现联合媒体参与(JME)。幼儿期的联合媒体参与与媒体学习的增加有关。然而,目前还没有经过验证的联合媒体参与量表。在本研究中,353 名 1-5 岁儿童的父母回答了一系列有关其媒体使用和行为的问题。探索性因子分析得出了两个量表,一个是关于一起观看视频内容的量表,另一个是关于一起玩数字游戏的量表。通过与广泛使用的 "电视调解量表 "进行比较,确定了两者的一致性。这些研究结果证明,JME 工具是衡量幼儿期共同参与媒体活动的有效、可靠的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Parental control and adolescent social anxiety: A focus on emotional regulation strategies and socioeconomic influences in China. 父母控制与青少年社交焦虑:关注中国的情绪调节策略和社会经济影响。
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12525
Wangqian Fu, Weida Zhang, Yuhan Dong, Guanyu Chen

An individual's social adaptation, which is influenced by both internalizing and externalizing factors, depends on social anxiety. We proposed that the connection between parental psychological control and social anxiety among middle school students was mediated by negative emotion response-focused strategies and moderated by socioeconomic status (SES). We collected data from 1343 Chinese students from 12 to 16 years old (M = 13.3, SD = 0.96) by applying the questionnaire of parental psychological control scale, social anxiety scale and negative emotion response-focused strategies scale. The findings demonstrated that parental psychological control, including father and mother psychological control, was positively associated with social anxiety and that the relationship between parental psychological control and children's social anxiety was mediated by negative emotion response-focused strategies. Meanwhile, SES played a moderating role in the relationship between children's negative emotion response-focused strategies and social anxiety. The findings also suggest that we should pay more attention to the psychological status and social interaction of children with lower SES.

个体的社会适应能力受到内化和外化因素的影响,而社会适应能力取决于社交焦虑。我们提出,父母的心理控制与中学生社交焦虑之间的联系是以消极情绪反应为中心的策略为中介,并受社会经济地位(SES)的调节。我们通过父母心理控制量表、社交焦虑量表和消极情绪反应策略量表,收集了 1343 名 12-16 岁中国学生(中=13.3,标差=0.96)的数据。结果表明,父母的心理控制(包括父亲和母亲的心理控制)与社交焦虑呈正相关,父母的心理控制与儿童社交焦虑之间的关系是以消极情绪反应为中心的策略为中介的。同时,社会经济地位在儿童的消极情绪反应策略与社交焦虑之间的关系中起着调节作用。研究结果还表明,我们应更多地关注社会经济地位较低儿童的心理状况和社会交往。
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引用次数: 0
Coping strategies employed by transgender youth with higher and lower quality of life. 生活质量较高和较低的变性青年采用的应对策略。
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12524
Ítala Raymundo Chinazzo, Anna Martha Vaitses Fontanari, Annelise Riva, Bruno de Brito Silva, Lucca P Rodrigues, Ana Carolina Trajano, Marina Feijó, Angelo Brandelli Costa, Maria Inês Rodrigues Lobato

Understanding transgender youth coping mechanisms may help create strategies that reduce the influence of stress on quality of life. Our study aims to measure the quality of life of Brazilian transgender youth and analyse the association with their coping strategies used for dealing with general and gender-related stress. The sample consisted of 185 participants (μ = 18.49 years; SD 2.42); of which 95 (46.34%) transgender boys, 45 (21.95%) transgender girls, 65 (31.71%) non-binary. Better quality of life was related to social support, whereas lower quality of life was related to the use of avoidance coping style in the context of general stress. The study found no association between coping strategies for gender-related stress and quality of life. Thus, the increase in quality of life in the context of gender distress among transgender youth should involve other mechanisms than promoting coping skills.

了解变性青年的应对机制有助于制定减少压力对生活质量影响的策略。我们的研究旨在测量巴西变性青年的生活质量,并分析他们在应对一般压力和性别相关压力时所采用的应对策略与生活质量之间的关联。样本包括 185 名参与者(μ = 18.49 岁;SD 2.42);其中变性男孩 95 人(46.34%),变性女孩 45 人(21.95%),非二元性 65 人(31.71%)。较高的生活质量与社会支持有关,而较低的生活质量则与在一般压力下使用回避应对方式有关。研究发现,与性别有关的压力应对策略与生活质量之间没有关联。因此,在变性青年面临性别困扰的情况下,生活质量的提高应涉及其他机制,而不是促进应对技能。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
British Journal of Developmental Psychology
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