[Secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases : targeting all the cardiovascular risk factors].

Abstract

This article focuses on the secondary prevention of cardiovascular (CV) diseases, namely the prevention of recurrence in subjects with a personal history of CV event, and the prevention of a first event in patients identified as at very high risk. For all these patients at very high risk, treatment is primarily based on the application of hygienic and dietary measures, including increasing the volume of physical activity, modifying the diet, and obtaining, if necessary, weight loss, as well as stopping smoking. This strategy has proven its benefits in terms of reducing morbidity and mortality. In addition, these patients must receive pharmacological treatment, whose the additional benefits are proven. The article details the pharmacological classes that are currently recommended, as well as the optimal management of CV risk factors and the therapeutic targets to be achieved.