Genetic diversity of the PvMSP-3α gene in Plasmodium vivax isolates circulating in the National Capital Region (NCR) of India

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Parasite Epidemiology and Control Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI:10.1016/j.parepi.2024.e00362

Ram Das, Kapil Vashisht, Deepali Savargaonkar, L.L. Mercy Aparna, Ajay Nayak, Kailash C. Pandey

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Abstract

Malaria is still a public health problem in tropical countries like India; major malaria parasite species are Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax. Of which, P. vivax is responsible for ∼40% of the malaria burden at least in the Indian scenario. Unfortunately, there is limited data on the population structure and genetic diversity of P. vivax parasites in India. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity of P. vivax strains in the South-west district, Delhi and, Nuh district, Haryana [National Capital Region (NCR)], using a polymorphic marker- P. vivax merozoite surface protein-3α (PvMSP-3α) gene. Dried blood spots from microscopically confirmed P. vivax patients were used for investigation of the PvMSP-3α gene. PCR-RFLP was performed on the PvMSP-3α gene to investigate the genotypes and allelic variability with HhaI and AluI restriction enzymes. In total, 40 successfully PCR amplified PvMSP-3α gene segments were subjected to RFLP analysis. Amplified products showed three different base pair size variations viz. genotype A in 31(77.5%), genotype B in 4(10%) and genotype C in 5(12.5%) P. vivax specimens. RFLP with HhaI and AluI revealed 17 (H1-H17) and 25 (A1-A25) allelic variants, respectively. Interestingly, two similar sub-allelic variants, ie. H8 (with HhaI), and A4 (with AluI) clustered within the rural area of Nuh district, Haryana in two samples. With this study, we propose to commission such type of genetic diversity analysis of P. vivax to investigate the circulating genotypes of the parasites from distinct geographical locations across India, that can have significant implications in understanding the population structures of P. vivax.

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印度国家首都地区（NCR）流行的间日疟原虫分离物中 PvMSP-3α 基因的遗传多样性

疟疾仍然是印度等热带国家的公共卫生问题；主要的疟原虫种类是恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫。其中，间日疟原虫至少占印度疟疾负担的 40%。遗憾的是，有关印度间日疟原虫种群结构和遗传多样性的数据十分有限。在这项研究中，我们使用多态标记--间日疟原虫虫体表面蛋白-3α（PvMSP-3α）基因，调查了德里西南区和哈里亚纳邦努赫区[国家首都区（NCR）]间日疟原虫菌株的遗传多样性。经显微镜确诊的间日疟原虫患者的干燥血斑被用于调查 PvMSP-3α 基因。利用 HhaI 和 AluI 限制酶对 PvMSP-3α 基因进行 PCR-RFLP，以研究其基因型和等位基因变异性。共对 40 个成功 PCR 扩增的 PvMSP-3α 基因片段进行了 RFLP 分析。扩增产物显示出三种不同的碱基对大小变异，即 31 个（77.5%）P. vivax 标本中的基因型 A、4 个（10%）P. vivax 标本中的基因型 B 和 5 个（12.5%）P. vivax 标本中的基因型 C。用 HhaI 和 AluI 进行的 RFLP 分别发现了 17 个（H1-H17）和 25 个（A1-A25）等位基因变异。有趣的是，哈里亚纳邦努赫区农村地区的两个样本中出现了两个类似的等位基因变异体，即 H8（HhaI）和 A4（AluI）。通过这项研究，我们建议对间日疟原虫进行此类遗传多样性分析，以调查印度各地不同地理位置的寄生虫循环基因型，这对了解间日疟原虫的种群结构具有重要意义。

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来源期刊

Parasite Epidemiology and Control Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

3.10%

发文量

审稿时长

17 weeks

期刊介绍： Parasite Epidemiology and Control is an Open Access journal. There is an increasing amount of research in the parasitology area that analyses the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations. This epidemiology of parasite infectious diseases is predominantly studied in human populations but also spans other major hosts of parasitic infections and as such this journal will have a broad remit. We will focus on the major areas of epidemiological study including disease etiology, disease surveillance, drug resistance and geographical spread and screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects in clinical trials for both human and other animals. We will also look at the epidemiology and control of vector insects. The journal will also cover the use of geographic information systems (Epi-GIS) for epidemiological surveillance which is a rapidly growing area of research in infectious diseases. Molecular epidemiological approaches are also particularly encouraged.